Marital relationships

Some of these relationships clearly provide temporary satisfaction and rewards to one or both parties. Lee (2002) studying Taiwanese male travellers reports that activities deriving from the sexual liberation of other parts of Asia are sought out and are synonymous with access to a better freer lifestyle. Additionally, as Cohen (2003) has documented, the sexually-oriented tourism relationships may not always be short-lived. Cohen analysed cross-national marital relationships, some of which commenced in tourism contexts and observed the persistent and expanding financial demands by the women on behalf of themselves and their family. The problems appeared to be the greatest when the foreigner stayed in Thailand. Although an initially difficult period was often encountered, a number of... 

Weissman and Paykel (1974) revised a previously developed questionnaire to assess the performance of individuals in different roles, called the social adjustment scale (SAS-R). These roles included (1) work, (2) housework, (3) parental role, (4) social leisure activities, (5) extended family relationships, (6) marital relationship, and (7) family unit. Functioning in the last four roles is an important indicator of interpersonal functioning. Having deep relationships outside the immediate family helps an individual to draw more social support. Furthermore, the success of relationships outside the family indicates that the person possesses competent social skills and is able to form and maintain meaningful relationships with others. Marital and familial relationships were the resources most easily accessible to the individuals. However, broken marital and familial relationships might generate stress and lead to the development of depression (Weissman, 1997). 

Want to know the worst possible scenario Combine job strain with poor marital relationships, and you have the formula for blood pressures going through the roof. That was the conclusion of researchers at the University of Toronto in Canada.They found that the amount of support received at home in a relationship is critical to a person s health. 

Classic reactive depressions (sometimes referred to as psychological depressions) can range in intensity from mild or moderate (for example, adjustment disorders with depressed mood) to severe (major depression). These disorders occur in response to identifiable psychosocial stressors. These stressors may be acute and intense (such as loss of a loved one), insidious (as in the case of a gradual deterioration in the quality of marital relationship), or in the distant past (for example, the emotions experienced by a survivor of child abuse who in adulthood begins to recall long-forgotten abusive events). 

A 54-year-old male patient with hypertension has been treated with a thiazide and cloni-dine for several years, with repeated BP measurements close to 140/90 and no significant side effects, except a decreased sexual interest. In your office, he complains of palpitations, and now his pulse is 100/min with BP of 165/118 both sitting and standing. He has not gained weight but admits to mild anxiety over his marital relationship. The most likely cause of his current problem is... 

Not only in his novels, but in his interviews and nonfiction writings as well, Kim Stanley Robinson has shown an abiding admiration, even reverence, for scientists, communities of scientific researchers, and their working norms and governing practices. His interactions with scientists in Antarctica, his frequent visits to the National Science Foundation, regular reading of scientific journals, and perhaps his marital relationship with his spouse, who is an environmental chemist, have no doubt proved powerful influences upon his scientific outlook. 

Despite the large amount of detailed information on social, environmental and familial factors available from lead studies, there has been little investigation of the relationship of these factors with behaviour measures. For example, factors such as the mother s mental health, and the quality of the parental marital relationship, have been shown to be highly associated with mothers ratings on the Conners scale. Teachers ratings have been shown to be sensitive to the family type (single-parent or not) (Smith, 1988). No studies have controlled for factors such as these. 

Findings are that parental IQ is the most important influence on child IQ, though several other factors (e.g. family size, social class and quality of marital relationships) were also significantly related. There was no overall evidence that tooth lead concentrations were related to child IQ once these other factors were taken into account. However, a significant interaction between tooth lead and sex of child indicates that the lead-IQ association appears much more pronounced in boys. This unexpected finding needs cautious interpretation and further exploration in other studies. 

Many facets of the family and social environment are potentially related to a child s IQ. Some are simple factual items, e.g. family size, sex of child. Others, e.g. mother s IQ, can be quantified using standard procedures. However, information about the family s circumstances can be obtained only by a structured interview of the mother. Hence several measures (e.g. parental interest in the child, quality of marital relationships, mother s mental health) have been defined by combining the mother s responses to specific questions at interview into a quantifiable score. It is impossible to summarize perfectly such complex issues. Nevertheless, it is important to characterize such influences on child IQ as best as one can. The principal confounding factors used in this study are now described. All confounders were chosen because of their potential relationship with child IQ, rather than any direct association with lead exposure per se ... 

The quality of marital relationships was assessed from questions about father s help with the children, quarrels, separations, and from the interviewer s assessment of the quality of marriage. The score had values ranging from 1 to 14, with higher scores indicating marital problems. 

The optimality criterion reached its minimum when p = 11 variables, and this optimal model is presented in Table 4. Mothers IQ is by far the most important determinant of child IQ, even after allowance for all other factors. The increase in child IQ for a one standard deviation increase in mother s IQ is +3.74 points. The other quantitative interview scores (marital relationships, family characteristics and parental interest) are all of borderline significance. 

Mother s IQ Marital relationships Family characteristics Parental interest... 

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