Research tasks, project

Managing risk—project managers planning research tasks need to identify the most important outstanding sources of uncertainty and work out which most need resolution at any given point in the R D process. 

Evaluation of the performance of a method or an instrument represents the largest use of CRMs. Examples are widely reported in the literature. One could even say that the development of a new method or instrument without evaluation of the performances with (a) CRM(s) is an incomplete task. Besides these research tasks, CRMs for calibration or validation are also used to assess the performance of instruments by the manufacturer himself to demonstrate the possibilities of his instrument or by the customer who wishes to evaluate the proposed instrument before purchasing it. CRMs produced by independent official or regulatory bodies to validate instrument performance or calibration sets have been under development for several years. They have in particular allowed the solution of inaccuracy problems in the biomedical sector where calibration test kits of automatic instrument manufacturers were not comparable and even led to different results between countries such arguments supported many BCR projects for... 

Highway 2002. A Guide to Highway Vulnerability Assessment for Critical Asset Identification and Protection. National Cooperative Highway Research Program Project 20-07/Task 151B, Science Applications International Corporation-Transportation Policy and Analysis Center, Vienna. 

The NOKO test facility located at the Institute for Safety Research and Reactor Technology of the Research Center Julich is a thermal hydraulic test rig, which was constructed within the framework of a research task in a joint project of the Research Center Julich (FZJ) and SIEMENS AG, Power Generation Division (KWU), with support from the German Federal Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Technology and German utilities. The facility is suited for a broad spectrum of experiments in the field of thermodynamics and fluid dynamics of water, water vapor and non-condensable gases. Different passive safety systems can be investigated with only minor modifications. 

The systems of such type have been developed of all last 10 years. We shall bring some characteristics of one of the last development within the framework of European BRITE project, carried out in LETT This 3D cone-beam tomograph is referred to as EVA Bench or Equipment for Voludensimetry Analysis. It is oriented on NDT of industrial products from ceramics and other composites. One of the main task of this tomograph is achievement of high resolution at study of whole internal volume of researched object. For test sample of the size 10mm spatial resolution in 50mm was obtained [14]. 

Depending on the product and sales arrangement, the revenues calculation can take from a few man-hours to many man-months of effort. For instance, determining the price for a synthetic fuel from coal can be done in a very short time, based on the cost of service. However, if the price is tied to the price of natural gas or oil, the task becomes very difficult, if not impossible. On the other hand, determining the sales growth and selling price for a new product requires a great deal of analysis, speculation, market research, and luck, but projections can be made. 

In a research laboratory, expenses are quiet unpredictable. One never knows just where a project will go and what may be needed. When a project budget is required, making it up may be a formidable task which calls for both extensive knowledge in the field and diplomatic abOity. 

If a recombinant protein is developed and expressed for research purposes, the most labor- and cost-intensive part of the project normally lies with the upstream tasks, i.e. cloning, expression vector design, sequencing, transformation and selection. Once a suitable expresser strain or plant line is available, it is often sufficient to visualize expression of the recombinant protein, verify its activity, study its biological... 

One example where the legal aspects of C02 storage have been analysed quite early are the Netherlands. There, within a research project, the legal situation of C02 storage has been investigated by a task force of lawyers from different government ministries (CRUST legal task force, 2002). 

Production via Biomass Gasification. Advanced Energy Pathways (AEP) Project, Task 4.1 Technology Assessments of Vehicle Fuels and Technologies, Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program, California Energy Commission, UC Davis, Institute of Transportation Studies (ITS-Davis). 

As soon as I arrived in Asia, the enormity of the task and the effort that this project would require were seen more nearly in their correct proportions. My proposed plan was actually an outline for a life of scholarly research Naturally, I found that nothing could be done at all until I was familiar with the Tibetan language, so I put aside all my research ideas and resolved to dedicate myself to learning as much Tibetan as I could in the few months that circumstances gave me in Nepal. 

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