Receptor localization

Amino Acid Receptor Localization 3.1. y-Aminobutyric Add Receptors 

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammals, and 

Glutamate Foster et al, 1981 Henke et al, 1981 Monaghan and Cotman, 1982 Berger and Ben-Ari, 1983 Greenamyre et al, 1983, 1984 Halpain et al, 1983 Monaghan et al, 1983a Unnerstall and Wamsley, 1983 

In the diencephalon, high concentrations were present in several thalamic nuclei, including portions of the ventral and geniculate nuclei. The supraoptic nucleus was the only hypothalamic nucleus with a high concentration of high-affinity GABA receptors. The hypothalamus generally had low quantities of receptors. Low levels were present in the retinal inner plexiform layer (Wamsley, Palacios, and Kuhar, personal communication). 

No structure in the mesencephalon contained high levels of receptors. The superficial layer of the superior colliculus, cortical layer of the inferior colliculus, nucleus pretectalis, nucleus interstitialis of Cajal, and substantia nigra pars reticulata had intermediate levels Other brainstem structures contained only low levels except for the granule cell layer of the cerebellum. This structure had the highest level of receptors in the brain with clusters of receptors apparently over the glomeruli. 

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GABAergic System Glycine Receptors Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Nicotinic Receptors Local Anaesthetics... 

Urodilatin is a peptide similar to atrial natriuretic peptide, which is produced in the distal tubule of the kidney and promotes sodium excretion and diuresis by acting on receptors localized on the luminal site of the collecting duct of the nephron. 

The growth requirement for EGF is a good example in this regard. EGF stimulates the growth of many different types of animal cells in culture. In order to initiate the growth response, EGF interacts with specific EGF receptors localized in the plasma membrane, activating a tyrosine-specific protein kinase, which is an intrinsic part of the receptor (Figure 12). As a consequence, specific proteins are phosphorylated at tyrosine residues, and some of these proteins (which are also... 

Popik W, Alee TM. CD4 receptor localized to non-raft membrane microdomains supports HIV-1 entry. Identification of a novel raft localization marker in CD4. J Biol Chem 2004 279(1) 704-712. 

Herkenham M, Lynn AB, Little MD, Johnson MR, Melvin LS, DeCosta BR, Rice KC. Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1990 87 1932-1936. 

Bryant This has not been studied in Drosophila. Several Dig-like MAGUKs have been picked up in a yeast two-hybrid screen using as bait the Erb-B4 receptor (Garcia et al 2000), which is the only one of the mammalian EGF receptor family that has a C-terminus predicted to bind to PDZ domains. This interaction could be involved in controlling receptor localization. Potentially it is the same kind of interaction. 

Berlanga M., Simpson T., Alcantra A. (2005). Dopamine D5 receptor localization on cholinergic neurons of the rat forebrain and diencephalon a potential neuroanatomical substrate involved in mediating dopaminergic influences on acetylcholine release. J. Comp. Neurol. 492, 34-49. 

Hammer, R. P., Jr., Herkenham, M., Pert, C. B., and Quirion, R. (1982) Correlation of regional brain metabolism with receptor localization during ketamine anesthesia Combined autoradiographic 2-(3H)deoxy-D-glucose receptor binding technique. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 79 3067-3070. 

Cannabinoid receptors were first suggested by the stereospecificity of THC enantiomers. The existence of the receptor was confirmed in 1984, which was followed by radioligand binding, receptor localization, and cloning of the cannabinoid CBl receptor (Howlett 1984 Childers and Breivogel 1998) (figure 10.6). There is a splice variant of the cannabinoid receptor, CBIA, as well as a peripheral subtype, CB2. It is the CBl recep-... 

Analysis of Receptor Localization in the Central Nervous System Using In Vitro and In Vivo Receptor Autoradiography... 

Palacios, J.M. and Kuhar, M.J. (1980) Beta-adrenergic-receptor localization by light microscopic autoradiography. Science 208 1378-1380. 

Prazosin is a selective antagonist of receptors localized in the heart... 

The chemical messenger enters into the target cell and binds and activates the receptor localized in the cytosol or nucleus. 

Stumpf, W. E. Receptor localization of steroid hormones and drugs discoveries through the use of thaw-mount and dry-mount autoradiography. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 1998, 37(2), 197-206. 

All steroid hormones act through nuclear receptors to change the level of expression of specific genes (p. 465). Recent evidence indicates that they also have more rapid effects, mediated by receptors localized in the plasma membrane. 

Fig. 9.1 Schematic diagram illustrating A3 adenosine receptor localization in the brain. ADO adenosine ADA adenosine deaminase ATP adenosine triphosphate, AMP adenosine mono-phospate AKA adenosine kinase T bidirezional nucleoside transporter NPTDase family of ecto-nucleotidases, including NPTDase 1,2,3. During cerebral ischemia, extracellular ADO concentration increases acting on A3 adenosine receptors located on different cell type...

O Dowd, B. F., Hnatowich, M., Regan, J. W., Leader, W. M., Caron, M. G., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (1988). Site-directed mutagenesis of the cytoplasmic domains of the human / 2-adrenergic receptor. Localization of regions involved in G protein-receptor coupling. / Biol. Chem. 263, 15985-15992. 

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