Glycine receptors, localization

GABAergic System Glycine Receptors Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Nicotinic Receptors Local Anaesthetics... 

Kuhse, J, Betz, H and Kirsch, J (1995) The inhibitory glycine receptor architecture, synaptic localization and molecular pathology of a postsynaptic ion-channel complex. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5 318-323. 

Araki, T., Yamano, M., Murakami, T. el al. (1988). Localization of glycine receptors in the rat central nervous system an immunocytochemical analysis using monoclonal antibody. Neuroscience 25, 613-24. 

Sato, K., Zhang, J. H., Saika, T. et al. (1991). Localization of glycine receptor alpha 1 subunit mRNA-containing neurons in the rat brain an analysis using in situ hybridization histochemistry. Neuroscience 43, 381-95. 

Glycine receptors are mutated in hyperekplexia and may co-localize with GABAa receptors 299... 

Zarbin MA, Wamsley JK, Kuhar MJ (1981) Glycine receptor light microscopic autoradiographic localization with [ HJstrychnine, J. Neurosci., I, 532-547. 

Fig. 3. Autoradiographic localization of glycine receptors in the lumbar spinal cord of a control patient (A) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient (B). The highest receptor (grain) densities are found in the dorsal horn, laminae II and III. Compared with controls, the major reduction in receptors is found in the ventral horn region containing motor neurons (from VVhitehouse, et al., 1983 with permission).

In a recent study on the localization of glycine receptors by labeling with [ HJstrychnine (Zarbin et al., 1981), we were able to postulate various relationships between clinical effects of strychnine and areas rich in strychnine binding sites (Table 7). For example, we were able to relate the heightened accuity of perception found after strychnine administration with high concentrations of glycine receptors in various sensory areas. 

Ionotropic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels (left half of the table). The receptors for stimulatory transmitters (indicated in the table by a ) mediate the inflow of cations (mainly Na""). When these open after binding of the transmitter, local depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane occurs. By contrast, inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine) allow cr to flow in. This increases the membrane s negative resting potential and hinders the action of stimulatory transmitters hyperpolarization, 0). 

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