Rash Treatments

Many factors contribute to the initiation of diaper rash, including excess moisture, rubbing and friction, skin contact with urine and feces, and/or allergic reaction to the diaper material or to creams, powder, or wipes. While true diaper rash (irritant diaper dermatitis) is most common in babies between the ages of four and fifteen months, incontinent adults 

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QHgNiOiS. Colourless crystals, m.p. 164 5-166-5" C. It is usually prepared by treating p-acetamidobenzenesulphonyl chloride with ammonia, and hydrolysing the acetyl derivative to the base. Used for the treatment of streptococcal infections, gonorrhoea, meningococcal meningitis and urinary infections. Liable to cause unpleasant reactions, such as nausea, cyanosis and skin rashes. 

Since the introduction of cortisone (1) (1948) and hydrocortisone (2) (1951), adrenal-cortical hormones have remained an important and unreplaced dmg class. Though not without adverse effects, these compounds have continued to be the dmg of choice in the treatment of afflictions ranging from the moderate skin rash to severe acute inflammatory disorders, and are included in many other therapeutic regimes. 

The oxa2ohdinedione trimethadione [127-48-0] C H NO (50), at one time the dmg of choice for the treatment of absence sei2ures, has been replaced by ethosuximide (41) and valproate (49). (50) has a distinct profile from that of phenytoin but causes photophobia and night blindness in approximately 30% of the patients taking it and has the CNS and sedative properties seen for other anticonvulsants together with moderate neutropenia, hepatitis, and skin rashes (13). Trimethadione does not appear to produce its effects via modulation of GABA-mediated responses. 

Adverse side effects of gold treatments include stomatitis, rash, and proteinuria. Complete blood counts and urinalysis should be performed before each or every other injection of gold compounds. Pmritic skin rash and stomatitis are more common adverse effects that may resolve, if therapy is withheld for a few weeks and then restarted cautiously at a lower dose. Oral gold causes less mucocutaneous, bone marrow, and renal toxicity than injectable gold, but more diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions appear. 

Carbarsone (Amebarsone) was once widely used for the treatment of intestinal amebiasis. Like other arsonic acids, however, carbarsone may cause skin rashes and even damage to the vision. Although it is stiU available for medicinal use, it is really obsolete as an amebicide because less toxic and more effective nonarsenicals are now available (174). 

ACE inhibitors can be administered with diuretics (qv), cardiac glycosides, -adrenoceptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers. Clinical trials indicate they are generally free from serious side effects. The effectiveness of enalapril, another ACE inhibitor, in preventing patient mortaUty in severe (Class IV) heart failure was investigated. In combination with conventional dmgs such as vasodilators and diuretics, a 40% reduction in mortaUty was observed after six months of treatment using 2.5—40 mg/d of enalapril (141). However, patients complain of cough, and occasionally rash and taste disturbances can occur. 

Health Hazards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment U.S. Bu. Mines approved toxic dust mask chemical goggles rubber gloves neoprene-coated shoes Symptoms Following Erqrosure Inhalation produces slight toxic effects. Contact with eyes irritates eyes and causes skin rash General Treatment for Exposure INHALATION remove to fresh air. EYES wash with water for 20 min. call a physician. SKIN wash with water Toxicity by Inhalation (ThresholdLimit Value) Data not available Short-Term Exposure Limits Data not available Toxicity by Ingestion Grade 2 oral rat LDjq 820 mg/kg Late Toxicity Data not available Vapor (Gas) Irritant Characteristics Data not available Liquid or Solid Irritant Characteristics Data not available Odor Threshold Data not available. 

Pentostatin is effective in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia, producing 80-90% remissions (with a complete remission rate of more than 50%). The common side effects of pentostatin include myelosuppression, nausea, and skin rashes. Renal failure,... 

ADCC. Cetuximab is approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Interestingly, an adverse event, acneiform rash seems to correlate with a better response to cetuximab, while there is no such correlation with expression levels of EGFR assessed by immunohistochemistry. Further side effects are rare infusion reactions and hypomagnesia. Two other anti-EGFR antibodies approved for clinical use are the fully human antibody panitumumab (Vectibix)... 

Monitoring and Managing Adverse Drug Reactions Treatment of minor hypersensitivity reactions may include administration of an antihistamine such as Benadryl (for a rash or itching). Major hypersensitivity reactions, such as bronchospasm, laryngospasm,... 

MTX is a potentially toxic dmg that is also used in the treatment of malignancies and psoriasis. Nausea, vomiting, a decreased platelet count, leukopenia (decreased white blood cell count), stomatitis (inflammation of the oral cavity), rash, pruritus, dermatitis, diarrhea, alopecia (loss of hair), and diarrhea may be seen with the administration of this dmg. 

Intal, Nasalcrom Prophylaxis of severe bronchial asthma prevention of exercise-induced asthma (BA) Nasal preparations prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis Dizziness, headache, nausea, dry and irritated throat, rash, joint swelling and pain... 

Epoetin alfa (erythropoietin EPO) and darbepoetin alfa are usually well tolerated. The most common adverse reactions include hypertension, headache, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, fever, myalgia, and skin reaction at tlie injection site. See the Summary Drug Table Drug Used in the Treatment of Anemia for more information on these drug. 

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is perhaps the most uniform, in terms of clinical and histopathological features, of the whole PM/DM disease complex. Presentation may be before 5 years of age with peak incidence between 8 and 12 years. The disease may remit and recur until well into young adult life. The skin lesions include a facial rash in butterfly distribution across nose and cheeks. Erythematous skin changes are seen over extensor surfaces of joints, especially knees, knuckles and elbows. Muscle involvement is generally evident some time later and takes the form of weakness and stiffness, particularly affecting shoulder and pelvic musculature. Proximal muscles are often worse affected than distal muscles and extensors worse than flexors. In the absence of prompt and effective treatment contractures may occur at elbows, ankles, knees, and hips. Subcutaneous calcification and skin ulceration may be found calcification of deeper-lying connective tissue may be apparent on X-ray. 

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