Diatrizoic acid

Extravasation of barium sulfate iato the peritoneal cavity through a perforated GI tract can produce serious adverse reactions. When a perforation is suspected, the use of a water-soluble iodinated contrast medium is iadicated. In this case, oral or rectal administration of sodium or meglumine-sodium salts of diatrizoic acid (6) and oral use ofiohexol (11) are the preferred procedures. 

Diacetamldo-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid (diatrizoic acid) (see Diatrizoate entry for synthesis) (10 g) is suspended in water (10 ml), 5 N potassium hydroxide (4.3 equivalent) is added and the mixture cooled to about 15°C. Dimethyl sulfate (0.5 equivalent) dissolved in an equal volume of acetone is added drop by drop while stirring. After the reaction mixture has... 

Some of the ionic iodinated substances used in CAT scans include amidotrizoates (salts of diatrizoic acid) and iothalamates (salts of iothalamic acid)J l The typical cations are sodium ion or meglumine (A-methyl-Z)-glucamine) ion (Fig. 10.1.1),... 

Alkylammonium complexes of diatrizoic acid I-l US4735795 Ridgway/Squibb 14... 

Esters of diatrizoic acid Esters of diatrizoic acid... 

The first modern hydrophilic nonspecific iodinated CA was diatrizoic acid, which, formulated as a sodium and/or meglumine salt, is still used. This agent was first synthesized in 1953 [1]. Osmolality for this compound, at concentrations compatible with imaging (ie. 300-370 mgl mL" ), is about 5-7 times that of plasma (1500-2100 mOsm kg H2O). Other HOCA such as iothalamate, metrizoate and ioxithalamate, were synthesized and marketed over the next few years. In an attempt to reduce the osmolality of the injected solution and thus reduce pain and haemodynamic disturbances, metrizamide, a compound resulting from the condensation of metrizoic acid and glucosamine, was synthesized. It was the first nonionic CA. 

The CT behaviour of three alkyl esters or amides of diatrizoic acid (Fig. 1) in rabbits after i.v. injection of 3 mL kg (89 mgl mL ) was reported by Gazelle in 1994 [28]. The particles had sizes of 200-300 nm. The ester compound with the short alkyl chain circulated for a long time in the blood, and the ester with the longer chain was rapidly taken up by the Ever achieving CT densities in this organ of more than 225 HU. The amide showed a blood-pool behaviour similar to that of the short-chain ester. The ethyl ester of diatrizoic acid (EEDA), formulated as a nanoparticulate contrast agent with a diameter of 200 nm, was positively tested in a rabbit model with Ever abscesses [30]. EEDA proved to be superior to iohexol in detecting these abscesses. 

Diacetamido-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid (diatrizoic acid) (see Diatrizoate... 

Wang, Y.J. Dahl, T.C. Leesman, G.D. Monkhouse, D.C. Optimization of autoclave cycles and selection of formulation for parenteral product. Part II effect of counterion on ph and stability of diatrizoic acid at autoclave temperatures. J. Parenter. Sci. Technol. 1984, 38 (2), 72. 

Protamine sulfate has a pH of 3-i and causes precipitation of diatrizoic acid if injected into a catheter containing diatrizoate in heparinized patients, it could cause a precipitate which in theory might result in an embolus. 

Diatrizoic acid sodium salt 1118 Dibenzyl sulfoxide 1128... 

Diatrizoic acid A/,A/ -Diacetyl-3,6-diamino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid C11H9I3N2O4 117-96-4 613.913 cry (EtOH ag) 300 ... 

Dianhydro-D-glucitol Isosorbide dinitrate DiatrIzoic acid Metrizoic acid Diazomethane Diazepam Epirizoie Methoxsaien Pyrimethamine Dibenzo[a,e] cycioheptadiene Butriptyline... 

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