Pulsed laser deposition method

LAPS was introduced by Sato et al. [155]. The detection of heavy metal ions by thin films of chalcogenide-glass membranes using the pulsed laser deposition method (PLD) was reported by Mourzina et al. [156]. The PLD technique was also introduced to evaporate A1203 as a pH-sensitive material for LAPS devices [157]. The first practical application of the above-described LAPS card was demonstrated by Kloock et al. for a comparative study of Cd-sensitive chalcogenide glasses for ISFETs, LAPS and pISEs (ion-selective electrodes) [158]. 

Pulsed amperometric detection 840 Pulsed laser deposition method (PLD) 115 Purification anti-triazine antibodies e234 Purine 417 PVA-AWP 341, el51 PVA-SbQ 340 PVC 57-58, 75 membrane 63, 113... 

Suda, Y., Kawasaki, H., Ueda, T. and Ohshima, T. (2004). Preparation of high quality nitrogen doped TiOj thin film as a photocatalyst using a pulsed laser deposition method. Thin Solid Films 453-54, 162-166. 

Hirayama M., Sakamoto K, Hiiaide T, Mori D., Yamada A., Kemno R., Sonoyama N., Tamura K, Mizuki J. Characterization of electrode/electrolyte interface using in situ X-ray reflectometry and LiNio,gCoo202 epitaxial film electrode synthesized by pulsed laser deposition method, Electrochim. Acta 2007, 53, 871-881. 

Molybdenum nitride nanotube was synthesized from anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template, bis(tert-bytylimido)-bis(dimethylamido)molybdenum, ammonia, and N2 gas at deposition temperature of 555 K (34). The prepared molybdenum nitride showed various tube lengths (several tens of micrometer) and diameters (a few micrometer) depending on the synthesis condition such as pulse time and cycles of precursor feeds after AAO removal by NaOH treatment. The molybdenum nitride thin films on some substrates could be prepared via the atomic layer deposition method (35) and reactive pulsed laser deposition method (36). 

W2N nanoparticles (below 10 nm) were prepared via a one-step pyloysis of polymeric mixture of WCI4 and urea glass like previous y-Mo2N synthesis (30). The surface area of W2N was 64 m /g after heat treatment with N2 gas at 1073 K. The W2N thin film with several micro-sized thicknesses on a Si wafer could be formed via the reactive pulsed laser deposition method (36). The thickness and phase was adjusted by N2 pressure and temperature of a vacuum chamber. 

Hontsu S, Hashimoto Y, Yoshikawa Y, Kusunoki M, Nishikawa H, Ametani A. Fabrication of hydroxyl apatite coating titanium web scaffold using pulsed laser deposition method. J Hard Tissue Biol 2012 21(2) 181—8. 

Sun, Y Fuge, G. M. Ashfold, M. N. R. Growth of ahgned ZnO nanorod arrays by catalyst-free pulsed laser deposition methods. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 396, 21-26. 

Apart from the methods discussed in Sections 5.3.1 to 5.3.5, there are several more methods to prepare LiFeP04, such as the emulsion drying process, coprecipitation method, microwave heating method, solvothermal method, mechanochemical methods, vapor phase deposition, liquid phase oxidation/ reduction, and pulse laser deposition method. 

Pulse laser deposition methods can be used to prepare thin-film LiFeP04. Since the film is thin, less than micrometers, its electronic conductivity is not important. Even when a conductive agent such as carbon is not added, the prepared thin-film LiFeP04 can still have a good electrochemical performance, especially at high current densities. 

Fig. 4.22 Surface morphology and cross-sectional view of LSGM/SDC composite film prepared by pulsed laser deposition method (a) as deposited (b) after post annealing (c) cross-section view after NiO reduction...

DEC coating was first prepared by Aisenberg and Chabot using ion beam deposition in 1971 [2]. At present, PVD, such as ion beam deposition, sputtering deposition, cathodic vacuum arc deposition, pulsed laser deposition, and CVD, like plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition are the most popular methods to be selected to fabricate DEC coatings. 

Other coating processes involving fluoridated apatite have been investigated to improve the long-term adhesion and promote osteointegration of cementless titanium-based metal implants pulsed laser deposition, electron beam deposition and ion beam sputter deposition techniques, and sol-gel methods, for example. They lead to fluor-containing calcium phosphates (apatites in most cases) with different compositions and crystallinity states. 

ZnO thin films can be prepared by a variety of techniques such as magnetron sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, pulsed-laser deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, spray-pyrolysis, and (electro-)chemical deposition [24,74]. In this book, sputtering (Chap. 5), chemical vapor deposition (Chap. 6), and pulsed-laser deposition (Chap. 7) are described in detail, since these methods lead to the best ZnO films concerning high conductivity and transparency. The first two methods allow also large area depositions making them the industrially most advanced deposition techniques for ZnO. ZnO films easily crystallize, which is different for instance compared with ITO films that can... 

A.E. Tselev, Cross-beam pulsed laser deposition as a method for preparation of thin films of metastable solid solutions. PhD Thesis, TU Dresden, Dresden (2000)... 

For their rich potential in various applications described in the previous section, the synthesis and assembly of various ZnO micro and nanostructures have been extensively explored using both gas-phase and solution-based approaches. The most commonly used gas-phase growth approaches for synthesizing ZnO structures at the nanometer and micrometer scale include physical vapor deposition (40, 41), pulsed laser deposition (42), chemical vapor deposition (43), metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (44), vapor-liquid-solid epitaxial mechanisms (24, 28, 29, 45), and epitaxial electrodeposition (46). In solution-based synthesis approaches, growth methods such as hydrothermal decomposition processes (47, 48) and homogeneous precipitation of ZnO in aqueous solutions (49-51) were pursued. 

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