Pulsed amperometric detection

Pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), introduced by Johnson and LaCourse (64, 65) has greatly enhanced the scope of liquid chromatography/electrochemistry (66). This detection mode overcomes the problem of loss of activity of noble metal electrodes associated with the fixed-potential detection of compounds such as carbohydrates, alcohols, amino acids, or aldehydes. Pulsed amperometric detection couples tlie process of anodic detection with anodic cleaning and cathodic reactivation of a noble metal electrode, thus assuring a continuously cleaned and active... [Pg.92]

Potential of zero charge, 20, 23, 25, 66 Potential scanning detector, 92 Potential step, 7, 42, 60 Potential window, 107, 108 Potentiometry, 2, 140 Potentiometric stripping analysis, 79 Potentiostat, 104, 105 Preconcentrating surfaces, 121 Preconcentration step, 121 Pretreatment, 110, 116 Pulsed amperometric detection, 92 Pulse voltammetry, 67... [Pg.208]

Oligosaccharides were isolated preparatively by high-pH anion exchange chromatography carried out on a LC-system (Dionex Corporation, Sunnyvale CA) equipped with a CarboPac PA-1 column (9 x 250 mm), coupled to a Spectra System AS 3500 auto sampler. The detection was carried out using Pulsed Amperometric Detection (PAD-II). [Pg.620]

Oligalacturonides were separated on a Dionex Bio LC with a CarboPac PA 1 column and pulsed amperometric detection using a linear Na-acetate-gradient in 0.1 M NaOH. [Pg.689]

Hydrophilic interaction chromatography on Asahipak NH2P or Excel-pak CHA-P44 with pulsed amperometric detection has been used to fractionate malto-oligosaccharides.266 The Asahipak NH2P is a polyvinyl alcohol support with a polyamine bonded phase, and the Excelpak is a sulfonated polystyrene in the Zn+2 form. Amine adsorption of sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides was performed on a Micropak AX-5 column (Varian) using acetonitrile-water-acetic acid-triethylamine.267... [Pg.254]

Martens, D.A. and Frankenberger, Jr., W. T., Determination of glycuronic acids by high-performance anion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, Chromatographia, 30, 651, 1990. [Pg.281]

LaCourse, W. R. and Johnson, D. C., Optimization of waveforms for pulsed amperometric detection (P.A.D.) of carbohydrates following separation by liquid chromatography, Carb. Res., 215, 159, 1991. [Pg.282]

Tomiya, N., Suzuki, T., Awaya, J., Mizuno, K., Matsubara, A., Nakano, K., and Kurono, M., Determination of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols in tissues from diabetic rats by high-performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, Anal. Biochem., 206, 98, 1992. [Pg.282]

Hardy, M. R. and Townsend, R. R., Separation of positional isomers of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 85, 3289, 1988. [Pg.283]

Soga, T., Inoue, Y., and Yamaguchi, K., Determination of carbohydrates by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection using postcolumn pH adjustment, /. Chromatogr., 625, 151, 1992. [Pg.283]

Feste, A. S. and Khan, I., Separation of glucooligosaccharides and polysaccharide hydrolysates by gradient elution electrophilic interaction chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, /. Chromatogr., 630,129, 1993. [Pg.284]

Cataldi, T. R., Angelotti, M., and Bufo, S.A., Method development for the quantitative determination of lactulose in heat-treated milks by HPAEC with pulsed amperometric detection, Anal. Chem., 71, 4919, 1999. [Pg.310]

Das, H., Jayaraman, V., and Bhattacharya, J., Carbohydrate analysis of bradyrhizobial (NC 92) lipopolysaccharides by high-performance-anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, Biosci. Rep., 19, 219, 1999. [Pg.311]

Yokota, H., Mori, K., Yamaguchi, H., Kaniwa, H., and Saisho, N., Monosaccharide composition of palmiteplase by anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, /. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 21, 767, 1999. [Pg.311]

Hikima S., Kakizaki T., Hasebel K., Enzyme sensor for L-lactate using differential pulse amperometric detection, Fresen. J. Anal. Chem. 1995 351(2-3) 237-240. [Pg.351]

S. Sawada, H. Torii, T. Osakai, and T. Kimoto, Pulse amperometric detection of lithium in artificial serum using a flow injection system with a liquid/liquid-type ion-selective electrode. Anal. Chem. 70, 4286-4290 (1998). [Pg.135]

Bao YD, Silva TJ, Guerrant RL, Lima AM, Fox JW Direct analysis of mannitol, lactulose and glucose in urine samples by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulse amperometric detection - clinical evaluation of intestinal permeability in human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Chromatogr 1996 685 105-112. [Pg.32]

Very conveniently, the technique can also handle the sugar alcohols such as sorbitol. Detection is by pulsed amperometric detection. This... [Pg.22]

The introduction of g.l.c. for oligosaccharide analysis constituted a major breakthrough in the field. In addition to strategies for accurate and sensitive quantitation of monosaccharide type (19,20), chiral procedures may be adopted for enantiomeric (d and l) determination (21). The sensitivity of h.p.a.e. chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection now provides an alternative to g.l.c. for oligosaccharide compositional analysis (22). [Pg.313]

The quality of this library was examined by monosaccharide compositional analysis. A portion of the trisaccharide library was treated with aqueous trifluroacetic acid at 100°C for 4 h. Analysis of the resulting mixture of monosaccharides on a Dionex HPLC system with a PA1 column and pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) showed that galactose, glucose, and mannose were present in approximately the required ratio. [Pg.209]

Kaiser, K., and R. Benner. 2000. Determination of amino sugars in environmental samples with high salt content by high performance anion exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection. Analytical Chemistry 72(ll) 2566-2572. [Pg.119]

Electrochemical detectors, which are based on the electrochemical oxidation or reduction of the analyte, can be applied to the analysis of selected compounds such as phenols. It is physically simple, but is very sensitive for catecholamines. However, the adsorption of reacted molecules on the surface of the electrodes can reduce the conductivity. To overcome this problem a pulsed voltage is applied, which cleans the electrode surface between measurements. This pulsed amperometric detection is also sensitive for carbohydrates. [Pg.22]

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