Mechanochemical method

Besides reactions with alkali salts, there are several groups investigating metal-ligand bond formation by mechanochemical methods. For example Orita et al. have shown that the supramolecular self-assembly of a number of complexes can take place under solvent-free conditions, leading to higher-order fabrications of two- or three-dimensional topology and even double... 

V. V. Boldyrev, Interaction of Alloys and Intermetallic Compounds obtained by Mechanochemical method with hydrogen, Russian Chem. Rev., 1998, 67 (1), 69. 

For different electrochemical applications such as batteries, supercapacitors, fuel elements porous carbon nanomaterials are used. We have obtained porous carbon nanofibers by CVD method from acetylene with use of new (Fe,Co,Sn)/C/Al203-Si02 catalysts prepared by mechanochemical method [13, 14]. The porous nanostructures formed (Fig. 4) somewhat resembles structures, synthesized in [15] on titania-containing catalyst. 

In [94-98] mechanochemical method was nsed for the synthesis of high disperse stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric Li,Mn 04 spinel starting from different manganese (Mn02, Mh203, MnO) and lithium (LiOH. Li0H-H20, LiiCOi) compounds. 

Prokofyev V.Yu., Kunin A.V., Ilyin A.P. et al. Application of mechanochemical methods to the synthesis of cordierite catalyts supports. Zhurn. Prikl. Khimii 1997 79 1655-60. 

Avvakumov EG., Devyatkina E.T., Kosova N.V. et al. Novel mechanochemical method of the preparation of cordierite and support based on it. Kinetika i Kataliz 1998 39 722-25. 

Yokogawa Y., Toriyama M., Kawamoto Y., Suzuki T., Nishizawa K., Nagata F., Mucalo R. Preparation of caldum-strontium apatite through mechanochemical method Chem. Lett. 1996 1 91-2. 

Mechanical milling, 292, 295 Mechanochemical method, 419 Medical applications, 146 Medium-long forms of the periodic table, 81 Melting point of rare-earth metals, 80 MEM. See Maximum entropy method Mendeleev, Dmitrii Ivanovich, 8,37 line, 15 method, 24 methodology, 37 active rare-earth research, 25... 

Figure 6-12. TEM image of the GdiOa nanoparticles synthesized by the mechanochemical method.

Heintz AS, Gonzales JE, Fink Ml, Mitchell BS. Catalyzed self-aldol reaction of valeral-dehyde via a mechanochemical method. J Mol Catal A Chem 2009 304 117-20. 

Sikchi and Hultin reported a simple mechanochemical method for nitrogen protection of nncleoside derivatives (Scheme 3.58) [39], For this purpose, simple Pyrex glass apparatus with Pyrex glass balls was used. A loose fit of glass apparatus was used, which prevents pressure buildup as gaseous CO2 released during the reactions. 

Mechanochemical method was recognized as suitable methodology for reductive dechlorination of aromatics applied by several research groups. For instance. 

Li X, Shi J, Qin Y, Wang Q, Luo H, Guo Z-X, Woo H-S, Park D-K. Alkylation and aryla-tion of single-walled carbon nanotubes by mechanochemical method. Chem Phys Lett 2007 444 258-62. 

In terms of environmental sustainability of catalytic reactions the development of synthetic processes towards the reduction of hazardous waste is one of the greatest challenges in modern chemistry. Among the many possibilities to achieve that goal, like the use of nontoxic ionic liquids or water as reaction solvent, the application of the mechanochemical methods, e.g. grinding and ball milling recently received much focus in chemical process development. ... 

A. C. Dodd, A Comparison of Mechanochemical Methods for the Synthesis of Nanoparticulate Nickel Oxide. Powder Technology 2009,196, 30-35. 

M. Salari, S. M. Mousavi khoie, P. Marashi, M. Rezaee, Synthesis of TiO Nanoparticles via a Novel Mechanochemical Method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009,469, 386-390. 

Campbell, S.J., and Kaezmarek, W.A., Mossbauer effect studies of materials prepared by mechanochemical methods, in Mossbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Magnetism and Materials Science, Long, G.J. and Grandjean, F., Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1996, Vol. 2, pp. 273 330. 

The range of activities of the samples obtained was found to depend upon the chemical composition of the perovskites. Thus, for pure lanthaniun cobaltites prepared by mechanochemical method a specific catalytic activity was higher than for ceramic samples [7]. However, it is not a general phenomenatin the case of the strontium-substituted cobaltites the trend is reversed- ceramic samples are more active. 

From this follows the possibility of creating a mechanochemical method of regenerating rubbers, as well as the necessity of considering... 

Active immobilized enzyme demonstration of a new mechanochemical method for immobilization... 

Mechanochemical reactions have been known for a long time. They are usually carried out by manual or motorized grinding of two or more crystalline reactants without the involvement of solvents. Mechanochemical methods are commonly used at industrial level mainly with inorganic solids. 

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