Public Address System

If your company has a public address systan that reaches all areas of the workplace and loud noise is not a problon, then short safety and health messages or alerts can be communicated during the workday. These types of announcements should be written ahead of time and should not be announced so often that they become something the woikers tune out. They could be a roninder of a hazard that exists, an explanation of an accident/incident, or the safety message of the day. These messages should be short and to the point. 

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An alarm system for notifying personnel of an emergency in progress and for communicating action required, such as information only, shelter-in-place, or evacuate. This could include bells, sirens, whistles, horns, or public address systems. 

The means and the equipment for emergency notification should also be provided. The notification equipment could include a public address system, siren, phone system, plant radios, or pagers. The means of notification should be sufficient to alert potentially affected personnel at the facility. Since facilities often change, the capability of the systemsto alert everyone must to be periodically evaluated. 

In physical devices like amplifiers, too much positive feedback is destructive it changes the device from an amplifier into an oscillator. Anyone who has ever heard a public address system turned up too loud and then breaking into a horrendous scream as the sound from the speakers feeds back into the microphone has observed the effects of too much positive feedback. It actually can burn it out if it is not stopped soon. Psychologically, a similar thing can happen. The infrequent but appropriate action can become dominant and inappropriate, interfering with action instead of helping it. 

When dealing with large populations of injured, you need to have an effective public address system so that your instructions can be heard by aU. In a chemical event, clear lanes that separate hot, warm, and cold decontamination zones are imperative. This needs to be appropriately staffed and equipped. The faster the victims can be separated from the contaminant, the better off they will be. Each victim needs to first be approached with rescuer safety and victim decontamination in mind, along with the Advanced Life Support ABCDEs for cardiac, trauma, and hazardous materials. If a toxidrome is found where an antidote exists, this should be started immediately when possible. After the victim is clean, then a secondary survey exam needs to be performed to look for the severity and distribution of injury with continuing care as appropriate. 

Employees should be instructed and drilled on when and how to evacuate and where to assemble after leaving the warehouse. An evacuation plan should include a person or persons assigned to ensure that all employees have vacated the warehouse and have been accounted for. Employee notification that an emergency condition exists could be done through the use of a public address system or the warehouse fire alarm system. 

How do you know that an emergency has been declared (usually through the use of sirens and a public address system) ... 

A fire or gas alarm will be communicated through audible alarms, usually supplemented by a public address system. In high noise areas (SOdBA and greater) visible strobes can also be provided. 

The Licensee is responsible for safety on a NPS and this is delegated to the Station Manager. In the event of a reactor accident, which may involve the release of activity to the environment, the Shift Manager, after reporting the details of the accident to the Station Manager or his nominated deputy, if they are on the station, will declare over the public address system that an emergency situation exists. All station staff and other persons on the site withdraw to nominated assembly areas for a roll call. Instructions may be given to issue potassium iodate tablets. 

Announcements over public address systems—this could be during incidences of fire or any need for evacuation. This should be as clear as possible and repeated in a steady and calm tone. 

Dedicated water tanks, (ground level and overhead tanks), standby power supply through DG set, and public address system must be available. 

An intercom system and telephones in Rooms 104, 106, 107, 111, and 112 accommodate communications within the Hot Cell Facility. The TA-V emergency evacuation system provides immediate notification to all personnel in TA-V to evacuate in the event of a fire, radiological emergency, security problem, or other site-wide problem. The TA-V alarm may be initiated from building exits throughout TA-V. An area-wide public-address system, portable radios, and pagers supplement telephone communication and FAX capabilities to line management, SNL Incident Commander, DOE, and key ES H staff. 

Personnel in building 6585 are instructed by the EPP to stay inside the building, information is provided to the 6585 personnel by the public address system or through the telephone messaging system. 

The purpose of the area audible communications system is to alert site personnel to normal, abnormal, or emergency conditions. Reference 6-24 establishes guidelines for reliable and accurate transmission of information on the operating shift and for uniform and enforceable policies for the control of wireless communication in the reactor building. The emergency action procedure identifies the types of emergent announcement to be made over the public address system. The control room has the capability for overriding other users (except security) of the public address system for... 

Test of the Public Address System," DPSOL 100-4019, Westinghouse Savannah River Compare, Aiken, SC. 

Requirement of FFS system storage of water (ground level/overhead tanks), standby power supply DG set, public address system, smoke detectors, sprinklers must be provided and inspected regularly. 

Alarms may be initiated manually or automatically. Manually initiated alarms may be manually operated, such as bells and gongs, which are only suitable for use in small low-risk premises. Electrically operated alarms are to be preferred and should be considered as standard wherever possible. Alarm points should be fitted 1.4 m above floor level and at intervals such that no person need travel more than 30 m to reach one. Normally the alarm will be an audible bell, siren or hooter but it could be a distinctive sound or message over a public address system or, in some places frequented by the public, it could be an alarm which is recognised only by suitably trained staff who then pass a message to the public. 

The degree to which arrangements need to be made to ensure the safe evacuation of members of the public from a building depends upon the level of risk. In some cases it will be considered to be reasonable to simply display some fire notices within some premises where there is limited public access. At the other end of the scale, for large premises or when large numbers of people are present, additional arrangements, such as public address systems and fire marshals, may be needed. 

Providing adequate communications equipment, e.g. a public address system or personal megaphones for fire marshals... 

In the event of an emergency necessitating the evacuation of the office, facility areas, or any portions thereof, the supervisor in charge will immediately make repeated announcements over the public address system that an emergency exists and that all personnel in the danger area will evacuate the building in an orderly manner. 

Fixed public address systems in the community or in the facility. 

Cylindrical 1.5V batteries are available in 3.6Ah (type LCOI), 1.6Ah (type LC02) and 0.5Ah (type LC07). Applications of this type of cell include oil well logging equipment, microprocessors, telephone systems, public address systems, high-temperature heat counters, CMOS memory protection, telex systems, high-temperature devices and specialized industrial and military applications. Details of performance are given in Table 9.10. 

The lithium-copper oxide battery has applications in power well lagging equipment, microprocessors, public address systems, high-temperature heat counters, CMOS memory protection, telex systems, high-temperature devices, and specialized industrial and military applications. 

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