Device physics

The history of tire diode laser illustrated in figure C2.16.11 shows tire interiDlay of basic device physics ideas and teclmology. A new idea often does not produce a better device right away. It requires a certain leap of faitli to see tire improvement potential. However, once tire belief exists, tire teclmology can be developed to demonstrate its validity. In tire case of diode lasers, tire better teclmology was invariably associated with improved epitaxial growtli. 

J. J. Iaou, Advanced Semiconductor Device Physics andModeling, Artech House, Boston, Mass., 1994. 

Kahn, F. The Molecular Physics of Liquid-Crystal Devices. Physics Today (May 1982), pp, 66-74... 

The science and technology of conducting polymers are inherently interdisciplinary they fall at the intersection of three established disciplines chemistry, physics and engineering hence the name for this volume. These macromolccular materials are synthesized by the methods of organic chemistry. Their electronic structure and electronic properties fall within the domain of condensed matter physics. Efficient processing of conjugated polymer materials into useful forms and the fabrication of electronic and opto-electronic devices require input from engineering i. e. materials science (more specifically, polymer science) and device physics. 

As a result of the remarkable progress in the chemistry, physics and engineering (device physics) of semiconducting and metallic polymers, we are now witnessing the beginning of a revolution in Plastic Electronics . 

Polymer LEDs are similar to thin film organic molecular LEDs first reported in 1987 17). Organic molecular LEDs utilize thin films of small organic molecules rather than polymer films as the light-emitting layer. The films of small organic molecules are undoped and have electronic properties comparable to the polymer films used in polymer LEDs. In general, the device physics of polymer LEDs is... 

The utility and importance of multi-layer device structures was demonstrated in the first report of oiganic molecular LEDs [7]. Since then, their use has been widespread in both organic molecular and polymer LEDs [45, 46], The details of the operating principles of many multi-layer structures continue to be investigated [47—49], The relative importance of charge carrier blocking versus improved carrier transport of the additional, non-luminescent layers is often unclear. The dramatic improvements in diode performance and, in many cases, device lifetime make a detailed understanding of multi-layer device physics essential. 

There have been numerous studies of the electrical and emission properties of conjugated polymer-, small molecule-, and molecularly doped polymer-based OLEDs. The current-voltage and radiance-voltage characteristics have been nica sured as a function of thickness of the organic layer, temperature, different metal electrodes, etc. in an attempt to understand the device physics. A major factor in hibiting progress is the purity of the organic impurities that are incorporated dur-... 

S. M. Sze. Semiconductor Devices Physics and Technology. New York John Wiley Sons, 1984. 

J. Kanicki, Ed., Amorphous and Microcrystalline Semiconductor Devices— Materials and Device Physics. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1992. 

W Brutting, S Berleb, and AG Muckl, Device physics of organic light-emitting diodes based on molecular materials, Org. Electron., 2 1-36, 2001. 

NC Greenham and RH Friend, Semiconductor device physics of conjugated polymers, Solid State Phys., 49 2-149, 1995. 

JH Burroughes, CA Jones, and RH Friend, New semiconductor device physics in polymer diodes and transistors, Nature, 335 137-141, 1988. 

Combining organic materials synthesis with device physics and engineering, this single source of information—... 

Silicon-based detection systems, 22 181 Silicon-based hybrids, 13 549—550 Silicon-based photon detectors, 19 137 Silicon-based semiconductors, 22 229—262 in bipolar transistors, 22 246—249 device physics of, 22 241-246 in displays, 22 259... 

Bissett, M.A., et al., Dendron growth from vertically aligned single-watted carbon nanotube thin layer arrays for photovoltaic devices. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011.13(13) p. 6059-6064. 

The nanotechnology report issued in February 2004 by the UK Royal Society makes the general observation that Electrical transport properties across interfaces remain poorly understood in terms of science/predictive capability. This affects all nanomaterials . This observation most keenly summarizes the present state of play for Gbit level random access memories (RAMs), and it is our view that the electrode interface issues may dominate the device physics. Within the nanotech roadmap , high-dielectric ( high-K ) materials are strongly emphasized, as are nanotubes and new interconnects. 

F. Capasso, F. Beltram, S. Sen, A. Pahlevi, and A. Y. Cho, Quantum Electron Devices Physics and Applications... 

Blom PWM, Mihailetchi VD, Koster LJA, Markov DE (2007) Device physics of polymer fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Adv Mater 19 1551 Onsager L (1938) Initial recombination of ions. Phys Rev 54 554... 

Kanicki J (1992) Amorphous and microcrystalline semiconductor devices, vol 2 materials and device physics. Artech House, Boston, MA... 

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