Communicative action

COM(97j49 Proposal for a Directive establishing a framework for Community action m the field of water policy... 

The development of this BIOTOL text has been funded by COMETT, The European Community Action Programme for Education and Training for Technology. Additional support was received from the Open Universiteit of The Netherlands and by the University of Greenwich (formerly Thames Polytechnic). 

EC (2000) European parliament and the council of the European union. Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for the community action in the filed of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities L32, 1-72... 

Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament of the Council, of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for Community action in the field of Water Policy. Off J Eur... 

Notify those onsite of an emergency and communicate actions to take... 

An alarm system for notifying personnel of an emergency in progress and for communicating action required, such as information only, shelter-in-place, or evacuate. This could include bells, sirens, whistles, horns, or public address systems. 

EU (2008). Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 estabhshing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy. Directive 2008/56/EC. 

HETA-84-213-391-1619, Duluth Community Action Program, Duluth, Minnesota. Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U S. Department of Health and Human Services. 

Jurgen Habermas shared Marcuses analysis of the basic constitution of modern science as one orientated to technical control. However, he did not think that there could be a new science not so constituted. In a development of Hannah Arendt s distinction between work and action, Habermas distinguishes between instrumental and communicative action (Habermas, 1977 and 1984 Canovan,... 

Science is concerned with instrumental action. In it we seek prediction and control of nature, but in the communicative action that takes place between people we seek common understanding. Habermas criticizes Marcuse and others for thinking that our dealings with nature should be subject to the same norms as our dealings with each other (Habermas, 1971). Science becomes problematic for Habermas when its norms of instrumental action are extended to the domain of meaningful everyday life, in which the interest that constitutes knowledge should be that of successful communication, not of technical control (Habermas,... 

The establishment in 2002 of the European Consensus Platform for Alternatives (ECOPA) brings together representatives of animal welfare, industry, government, and academia and the inclusion of the Three Rs in the Community Action Plan on the Protection and Welfare of Animals 2006-2010 further demonstrates the commitment of all stakeholders in EU to the Three Rs alternatives [7, 8]. 

EU Community Action Plan on Animal Welfare 2006-2010, available at ec.europa.eu/food/animal/welfare/ ac-tionplan / actionplan en.htm. 

European Union (2000) Parliament and Council Directive 2000/60/EC of the 23rd October 2000, Establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal PE-CONS 3639/1/00 REV 1, Brussels. 

The application of pesticides is also limited by regulation, which imposes wide buffer zones, and by community.action to veto pesticide application. Carbaryl (1-naphthyl N -methyl carbamate, Sevin ), acephate (0, S-dimethyl acetylphosphoroamido-thioate, Orthene ), diflubenzuron (N -[ [(A-chlorophenyl)amino]-carbonyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide, Dimilin ), and other insecticides are effective against the larvae. 

Lieutenant Colonel Harriet Werley, a pioneer in nursing research, stated that nursing is well positioned to have great influence on communities and to conduct research on mass casualty events and disasters (Werley, 1956). She realized the power of community action and combined with her experience as an army nurse and researcher she identified the following four principles for conducting community-based research on mass casualty events and disasters, which are still relevant today ... 

Looking into the future it is possible that there is further scope for community action under Item 7 of List I of the directive that is — persistant mineral oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin.. 

Today there is wide agreement that (1) prevention is the first principle of public health (2) public health requires community action to create conditions that prevent disease and other threats to the health and welfare of individuals and the larger community and (3) an environment that is free from harm is the starting point of good public health practice. 

Habermas, J. (1984/87), The Theory of Communicative Action, vols. I—II, Boston Beacon Press. 

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