Proteus mirabilis infection

The principal infecting organism is Escherichia coli, but Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae account for some infections. Untreated bacteri-uria may result in pyelonephritis, preterm labor, preeclampsia, transient renal failure, and low birth weight. 

These infections are predominantly caused by E. coli, and antimicrobial therapy should be directed against this organism initially. Other causes include S. saprophyticus and occasionally K. pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. 

Sulfouamides have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including Staphylococcus aureus, nonenterococcal types of Streptococcus, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia, Neisseria, Haemophilius influenzae, enteric Gram-negative types of E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and a few forms of anaerobic bacteria. Above all, sulfonamides are used for treating uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract, infections caused by Nocardia asteroids, streptococcal pharyngitis, menigococcal diseases, toxoplasmosis, and others. 

Mild to moderate uncomplicated or complicated urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis, caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Proteus mirabilis.- 0.5 to 1 g IV/IM q 12 h 7 to 10... 

Urinary tract infections Urinary tract infections (complicated and uncomplicated), including pyelonephritis and cystitis (initial and recurrent) caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter sp., and Serratia marcescens. 

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobactersp., Morganella morganii, Proteus mirabilis, and Proteus vulgaris. 

Proteus mirabilis Urinary tract and other infections Ampicillin or amoxicillin An aminoglycoside a cephalosporin a fluoroquinolone... 

A 4-month-old boy was hospitalized with a weeping eczema covering more than the half of the body surface and complicated by skin hemorrhage and infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. Apart from... 

An 84-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy and end-stage renal disease began continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and over the next year had four episodes of exit-site infection and peritonitis and used mupirocin ointment. The exit-site catheter became dilated and during an episode of infection for which he used mupirocin on 6 successive days, a longitudinal rupture developed in the peritoneal catheter, which was removed. The peritoneal liquid contained Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis and the catheter tip contained E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae. He was treated with ciprofloxacin, without complications, and after 1 month a new peritoneal catheter was inserted. 

Another frequent phosphatic stone — found for 90 of 600 cases — was a mixture of apatite and struvite, while those containing brushite comprised only about 1.6% (Prien and Frondel, 1947). These apatite-struvite mixtures are said to occur usually in infected alkaline urine, and occur with all ratios of apatite to struvite. Stones of this type have been equated with the activity of E. coli, vvhich can produce ammonia — as also does Proteus mirabilis. Both of these organisms are pathogenic when present in the urinary tract. 

Gentamicin. — This 2-deoxystreptamine-containing amino-glycosidic antibiotic is related to the neomycins, the paromomycins and kanamycin. Clinical reports indicated gentamicin is a drug of choice for parenteral and topical treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruqinosa 4 and Proteus mirabilis. Forty-seven of 50 patients topically treated for various bacterial infections were cleared of... 

TMP-SMX has a wide spectrum and many clinical uses possible co-DOC in complicated UT infections and in respiratory, ear, and sinus infections associated with H. influenzae or M. catarrhalis backup drug for I. monocytogenes, Proteus mirabilis, S. typhi, MRSA, and vibrios. 

Carbenicillin is indicated in the treatment of acute and chronic infections of the upper and lower urinary tract and in asymptomatic bacteriuria due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, P. vulgaris, Pseudomonas, Entero-bacter, and enterococci. It is also indicated in the treatment of prostatitis due to susceptible strains of E. coli, enterococcus (S. faecalis), P. mirabilis, and Enterobacter species. 

Lomefloxacin, a fluoroquinolone broad-spectrum antibiotic (400 mg p.o. daily for 10 to 14 days), is used in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Haemophilis influenzae or Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in uncomphcated urinary tract infections (cystitis) caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, or Staphylococcus saprophyticus, in complicated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and it is possibly effective against infections caused by Citrobacter diversus or Enterobacter cloacae and for the prophylaxis of infections after transurethral surgical procedures (see also Figure 85). 

Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and lung abscess caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella sp. including K. pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis. Pseudomonas sp. including P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and Bacteroides sp. including B. fragilis... 

Other microorganisms that can also be transient on the skin and cause post-surgical infection are E. coli. Enterococcus species, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter species, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis [7,12],... 

At the present time, the largest use of sulfonamide antibacterials is as urinary antiseptics, e.g. those caused by E. coli and Proteus mirabilis. They are also used in treating nocardiosis (of lungs or foot), trachoma (eye), lymphogranuloma venereum, dermatitis herpatiformis, and valued for the prophylaxis of streptococcal infections in those prone to them, and in preventing recurrence of rheumatic fever. 

The antibacterial activity of citral should be briefly mentioned. Citral inhibits swarming and virulence factor expression of Proteus mirabilis, which can cause urinary tract infections, thus it is used to prevent development of these infections... 

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