Procedure format

The subsequent procedures, formation, washing, drying, and battery assembly are similar to those described above. 

In the USA Andco Chemical Corp. and Niagara Environmental Assoc., Inc. have widely used this procedure for the treatment of cooling tower blowdown waters and in treatment of metal finishing process streams. The undivided cell geometry makes use of cold-rolled steel plates as anodes. Disadvantages of this procedure Formation of second streams, e.g. large amounts of sludges which must be dumped or treated. 

Following the same procedure, formation of the imine 6D and subsequent deprotonation with two equivalents of butyllithium followed by alkylation, either enantiomer of the a-substituted benzylamines could he obtained with nearly complete stereocontrol. Unfortunately only poor yields are obtained51,52,53. The (-)-(15,25, 55)-2-hydroxy-3-pinanone derived from ( + )-a-pinene resulted in the formation of the R-configurated benzylamines, conversely the ( + )-2-hy-droxy-3-pinanone derivative led to the (S )-benzylamine product. It has been shown that the high stereocontrol occurs within the alkylation step. The chiral auxiliary can be recovered without racemization from the oxime with aqueous titanium(III) chloride. 

Incubations done in 0.05M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 6.8) at 37°C, with 1 1U of enzyme (Kabi). Oxidation was followed by the coupled o-anisidine peroxidase procedure. Formation of oxidized GJn was also monitored by thin-layer chromatography, under the conditions described in Figure 12. Note that oxidized G , could be reduced to the starling GMl by NaBHt treatment. All other conditions as described in Figure 12. 

Ionizing Radiation. When the activation reaction and copolymerization reaction were conducted simultaneously, the fibrous cellulose was first treated with monomer solution and then irradiated. Usually some homopolymer was formed and was removed from the cellulose graft copolymer by extraction with solvent for the polymer. When the activation reaction and copolymerization reaction, were conducted consecutively, the fibrous cellulose was first irradiated and then treated with monomer solution. As compared with the simultaneous procedure, formation of homopolymer was very low.. The changes in the ESR spectra for irra-... 

Anything that stabilizes the presence of Cu+ indiscriminately enhances the activity of the catalyst (i) promoters [61] (ii) CO2 admixture, up to a certain concentration of CO (iii) supports (silica treated and impregnated at pH > 7, upon which procedure formation of Cu silicates is stimulated) [62]. 

It was stressed that these sediments contain considerable amounts of Ca, Sr and Ba, which may form sulphate precipitates, especially when sulphuric acid has been used in the digestion procedure. Formation of such insoluble sulphates does not take place immediately but depends on acidity, time, available surfaces etc. Hence these precipitates are often not detected upon visual inspection after the digestion. However, when they are formed, they may collect elements such as Pb, leading to low recoveries. In many cases, sulphuric acid can be replaced by perchloric acid, although safety precautions may prohibit the application of this acid. 

In addition to training persotmel on procedme content, it is important to train personnel on the procedure format. The procedure format is very similar to a roadmap. Before you can use a roadmap efrectrvely and correctly, you must understand how to use the roadmap, what information it contains and where that information is located on the map. 

Many facilities are installing information networks to help distribute and control procedures. The primary advantage is that workers can access the most current procedures at any time for an onscreen review or can print them out for use or for training. However, electronic display has its drawbacks. Often, a procedure formatted for hard copy use does not provide a fully visible page on the monitor screen. If procedures are to be used primarily by someone on a network and are not printed out, the format should be designed specifically for the monitor display. Some other drawbacks of electronic displays are noted below ... 

Using a consistent procedure format ensures that the completed procedure tvill direct the reader in an unambiguous, easy-to-follow manner. In addition to the title and other identifying information, a typical procedure format might include sections that contain the following types of information ... 

Figure 4-4 shows the Pmpose, References, Precautions, Special Tools/ Equipment, Prerequisites, and procedure steps as they may appear in a procedure. Refer to Appendix F, Sample Procedure Formats (page 130), for more examples. 

PURPOSE This example demonstrates a sample procedure format. 

PRECAUTIONS This is only a sample. Procedure format should be customized to meet your facility s needs. 

The sample procedure formats in this appendix are derived from actual procedures used in industry. They show various ways of presenting information in a T-format. Although each format is slightly different, they all include ... 

The neodymium oxide-vanadium(v) oxide and samarium oxide-vanadium(v) oxide systems have been investigated by thermal, i.r., and X-ray techniques. " Potassium neodymium double fluorides formed in the KF-Ndp3 system have been investigated by X-ray diffraction procedures. Formation of structures with statistical distributions of metal atoms at cationic positions was reported to be characteristic of the KF-Ndp3 system. The equilibrium diagram of the Al203-Nd203-Sr0... 

Lubricants are often formulated with additives to enhance the properties for some specific application. The synthetic lubricants may be produced by homogenous catalysts, such as BF3 or AICI3. The homogeneous process has several significant drawbacks, the catalysts are toxic and corrosive, requiring an expensive separation procedure, formation of noticeable amounts of by-product as well as recovery and disposal of the catalyst residues, which can cause environmental problems. 

The direct transformation of 2-amino alcohols to V-tosyl aziridines can be achieved in moderate to good yields using potassium hydroxide and tosyl chloride in water/dichloromethane. This procedure works well for small amino alcohols. Ehgher substituted amino alcohols give better yields using a two-step procedure formation of the N, 0-ditosylate followed by cyclization with potassium carbonate in acetonitrile. 

HCF procedure development maintains consistency by follow/ing the TA-V Nuclear Facilities Conduct of Operations Manual (SNL 1998a) and the SNL ES H Manual (SNL 1998b). These documents describe procedure format and content, including Purpose, Scope, Ownership, Responsibilities, Definitions and Acronyms, Hazard Identification, Equipment and Materials, Format, Review and Approval Authority, and Document Control. Use of this format complies with DOE Order 5480.19, Conduct of Operations, Chapter 16 (DOE 1990). TA-V Standard Operating Procedures are written for tasks specifically identified in the Technical Safely Requirements (TSR) or as required by other directives or the SNL ES H manual to address special hazards. TA-V document types and hierarchy is described in TA-V Nuclear Facilities Conduct of Operations Manual (SNL 1998a) Chapter 16. 

Risk assessment represents a careful analysis of the premises, processes and work activities to identify what could cause harm to people to enable decisions to be made as to whether sufficient precautions have aheady been taken or whether further controls are needed. The aim of Risk Assessment it to individualize a risk priority that allows to define a hierarchy of intervention activities (design review, procedures, formation and information) needed to eliminate or reduce the risk. There are many methods for Risk Assessment (FMEA, FTA, HAZOP, What-if, MOZAR, etc.) (Hiromitsu 1996) that are all usable. 

---