Cooling towers blowdown

Cooling tower blowdown can be reduced by improving the energy efficiency of processes, thus reducing the thermal load on cooling towers. Alternatively, cooling water systems can be switched to air coolers, which eliminates the problem altogether. [Pg.295]

Petrochemical units generate waste waters from process operations such as vapor condensation, from cooling tower blowdown, and from stormwater runoff. Process waste waters are generated at a rate of about 15 cubic meters per hour (m /hr), based on 500,000 tpy ethylene production, and may contain biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels of 100 mg/1, as well as chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 1,500 to 6,000 mg/1, suspended solids of 100 to 400 mg/1, and oil and grease of 30 to 600 mg/1. Phenol levels of up to 200 mg/1 and benzene levels of up to 100 mg/1 may also be present. [Pg.56]

Ammonium Nitrate Plants - In ammonium nitrate plants, wet scrubbers can be considered for prill towers and the granulation plant. Particulate emissions of 0.5 kg/t of product for the prill tower and 0.25 kg/t of product for granulation should be the target. Similar loads for ammonia are appropriate. Other effluents that originate in a nitrogenous fertilizer complex include boiler blowdown, water treatment plant backwash, and cooling tower blowdown from the ammonia and nitric acid plants. [Pg.67]

Fb = flowrate of cooling tower blowdown Fm = flowrate of makeup water... [Pg.515]

Improving control of cooling tower blowdown (see Chapter 24) for evaporative cooling water circuits to increase the cycles of concentration and reduce the cooling tower blowdown rate. [Pg.606]

In the USA Andco Chemical Corp. and Niagara Environmental Assoc., Inc. have widely used this procedure for the treatment of cooling tower blowdown waters and in treatment of metal finishing process streams. The undivided cell geometry makes use of cold-rolled steel plates as anodes. Disadvantages of this procedure Formation of second streams, e.g. large amounts of sludges which must be dumped or treated. [Pg.198]

Wastewater streams from the utility functions include boiler and cooling tower blowdowns and waste brine and sludge produced by demineralizing and other water treatment systems. The quantity and quality of the wastewater streams depend on the design of the systems and the water source. These streams usually contain high dissolved and suspended solids concentrations and treatment chemicals from the boiler and cooling tower. The blowdown streams also have elevated temperatures. [Pg.254]

The sulfuric acid plant has boiler blowdown and cooling tower blowdown waste streams, which are uncontaminated. However, accidental spills of acid can and do occur, and when they do, the spills contaminate the blowdown streams. Therefore, neutralization facilities should be supplied for the blowdown waste streams (Table 15), which involves the installation of a reliable pH or conductivity continuous-monitoring unit on the plant effluent stream. The second part of the system is a retaining area through which non-contaminated effluent normally flows. The detection and alarm system, when activated, causes a plant shutdown that allows location of the failure and initiation of necessary repairs. Such a system, therefore, provides the continuous protection of natural drainage waters, as well as the means to correct a process disruption. [Pg.431]

Methylene chloride Cooling tower blowdown. Steam condensate. Boiler Intake... [Pg.573]

Pollutant ( xg/L) Concentration (p-g/L) Percent removal Cooling tower blowdown (pg/L) Percent removal... [Pg.578]

Potentially significant levels observed in cooling tower blowdown. [Pg.578]

Chemicals such as sulfuric acid are used to control scaling in the system. Biofoulants such as chlorine and hypochlorite are widely used by the industry. These additives are discharged in the cooling tower blowdown. [Pg.583]

The following is a summary of cooling tower blowdown flow rates based on responses to... [Pg.591]

The cooling tower blowdown flow rate range of 82 steam electric power generation plants using coal is 0-152,000 m /plant (mean 8440 m /plant), which is equal to 0-239 mVMW (mean 11.2 mVMW). [Pg.591]

Plant 1226 is a bituminous coal-, oil-, and gas-fired electricity plant [1]. The recirculator cooling water system influent was sampled from a stream taken from the river and the effluent from the cooling tower blowdown stream. The effluent stream is used again in the ash sluice stream. Table 7 presents the data. The following additives are combined with the cooling tower influent ... [Pg.615]

Figure 6.15 Chart for estimating cooling tower blowdown.

The Lyondell plant (ARCO Chemical Company) operates one of the first industrial scale chromate recovery systems in the U.S. The chromate recovery system is located in the ethylene plant of the Channelview, Texas, chemical complex. It was designed to treat a 1100 GPM cooling tower blowdown stream containing a 20-25 ppm chromate (CrO, ). A strongbase anion resin is used to selectively remove the chromate. This unit was placed in service in June, 1976. Information presented in this paper is based upon operating experiences. Economic considerations are also included. [Pg.267]

Continuous Belt Ion Exchanger Chromate Removal from Cooling Tower Blowdown Waters... [Pg.276]

Treat Cooling-Tower Blowdown Boies, D. B. Levin, J. E. [Pg.288]

Energy Optimization of Cooling Tower Blowdown Recovery Ahlgren, R. M. [Pg.312]

Heat Transfer/Cooling Towers. .. Blowdown Concentration by Electrodialysis... [Pg.314]

Quick Calculation of Cooling Tower Blowdown and Makeup Caplan, F. [Pg.314]

Ion Exchange Hollow Fibers (Potential for Reducing Waste Disposal Problems with Cooling Tower Blowdown Water)... [Pg.316]

Reclaiming Cooling Tower Blowdown El Paso Natural Gas Co. Fosberg, T. M. [Pg.317]

Biological Effects of Cooling Tower Blowdown (on Aquatic Life) Garton, R. R. [Pg.318]

Cooling Tower Blowdown and Boiler Blowdown as Waste Water Problems... [Pg.319]

Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...