Pregnancy chorionic gonadotropin

Obtain P-human chorionic gonadotropin (P-hCG) level to exclude pregnancy. 

Positive urine human chorionic gonadotropin followed by positive ultrasound, fetal heart sounds, and/or fetal movement. Pregnancy Dating and Gestational Age Calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period. 

Human chorionic gonadotropin A hormone secreted by the placenta that is used to aid in the determination of pregnancy. 

Other components of the urine are conjugates with sulfuric acid, glucuronic acid, glycine, and other polar compounds that are synthesized in the liver by biotransformation (see p. 316). In addition, metabolites of many hormones (catecholamines, steroids, serotonin) also appear in the urine and can provide information about hormone production. The proteohormone chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, mass ca. 36 kDa), which is formed at the onset of pregnancy, appears in the urine due to its relatively small size. Evidence of hCG in the urine provides the basis for an immunological pregnancy test. 

An examination by the dentist should eliminate many of the potential systemic issues that can affect the periodontium of this patient. For example, the age of the patient, her appearance, and questions about her diet should be enough to rule in or out issues concerning puberty and malnutrition. However, if systemic conditions cannot be ruled out, an additional physical examination by a physician may be necessary. Additional tests to be requested could include oral glucose tolerance test for diabetes mellitus, human chorionic gonadotropin levels for pregnancy, and/or qualitative and quantitative evaluation of bone marrow cells and blood cells for leukemia. 

A 32-year-old woman who was not obese developed benign intracranial hypertension in association with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after ovulation induction using goserelin, follitropin, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (3). The syndrome did not recur during a second pregnancy in which follitropin and hCG were not used... 

E3. Edelstein, M. C., Seltman, H. J., Cox, B. J., Robinson, S. M., Shaw, R. A., and Muasher, S. J., Progesterone levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration in cycles with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist suppression are not predictive of pregnancy outcome. Fertil. Steril. 54, 853-857 (1990). 

Schmidt, L. L., Asch, R. H., Frederick, J. L., Rojas, F. J., Stone, S. C., and Balmaceda, J. R, The predictive value of a single beta human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancies achieved by assisted reproductive technology. Fertil. Steril. 62, 333-338 (1994). 

If, however, the oocyte is fertilized and begins to divide, the corpus luteum persists past its normal two-week lifespan. It is prevented from degenerating by the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a hormone produced by the chorion of the embryo as early as eight to 12 days after fertilization. HCG acts like LH in stimulating the secretory activity of the corpus luteum and the presence of hCG in maternal blood or urine is an indicator of pregnancy. 

Covinsky et al. [120] describe a case of a male patient having increased immunoassay response to cardiac troponin I, thyrotropin, human chorionic gonadotropin, a-fetoprotein and CA-125 simultaneously. This response was consistent with myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy ( ), as well as hepatic or ovarian cancer This somewhat strange response in a male patient was later found to be due to an interference caused by a body infection... 

STN7 Erdmann, M.D. and Holt, J.A. (1991). Medians for intact human chorionic gonadotropin during second trimester of pregnancy (14 thru 20 wks) using automated radial partition immunoassay. Clin. Chem. 37, 940, Abstr. 146. 

Allen W E 1983 The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin and exogenous progesterone on luteal function during early pregnancy in pony mares. Animal Reproduction Science 6 223-228... 

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein synthesized by the placenta. E.strogcns stimulate the anterior pituitaiy to produce placentotropin. which in turn stimulates hCG synthesis and. secretion. hCG is produced primarily during the First trimester of pregnancy. It exerts effects that arc similar to those of pituitary LH. 

Elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels are seen in pregnancy, trophoblastic diseases, and germ cell tumors. It is a useful tumor marker for tumors of the placenta (trophoblastic tumors) and some tumors of the testes. It is also useful for diagnosing and monitoring pregnancy (see Chapter 54 for a discussion of hCG and pregnancy). 

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