Practical Recommendations

In this section a few practical recommendations are given. Most of them are generally applicable to all programs, some are specific for CORINA - the program the author of this chapter is best familiar with. 

Schimanouchi, T., Tasumi, M. J. The Protein Data Bank a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures. J. Mol. Biol. 1977, 312, 535-542. 

3 Sadowski,., Gasteiger,. From atoms and bonds to three-dimensional atomic coordinates automatic model builders. Chm. Rev. 1993, 7, 2567-2581. 

4 Pearlman, R. S. 3D molecular structures generation and use in 3D searching. In 3D QSAR in Drug Design, Kubinyi, H. (ed.), ESCOM, Leiden, 1993, pp. 41-79. 

Automatic generation of 3D atomic coordinates for organic molecules. Tetrahedron Comput. Methodol. 1990, 3, 537-547. b) GORINA, Molecular Networks GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, http //www.mol-net.de. 

Although RP systems are quite robust, different sources of practical problems during the operation exist  

Since retention in RP systems depends on the interaction between hydrophobic groups of the solutes and the adsorbent surface, ionization of the solutes can result in severe peak distortion. Ions are very hydrophilic and are thus poorly retained in RP systems even if the nonionized solute shows good retention. Because ionization reactions (e.g., dissociation of organic acids) are determined by their chemical 

Residual silanol groups on the adsorbent surface are a source of secondary interaction different from the bonded groups. Next to hydrogen bonding and 

After the complete fraction is collected in the column, it is washed with a mobile phase of low solvent strength to remove the salts. In the last step, the sample is eluted with a low volume of a solvent with high elution strength (e.g., methanol). 

The concentration of the sample is now much higher, the salt is removed and the more volatile strong solvent is easier to evaporate. 

What is the upshot of all this for the practicing polymer scientist, who wants to know which algorithm to use when Here are a few recommendations  

Of course, these recommendations are not engraved in stone other algorithms could be useful in certain situations. 

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Another phenomenon is so called two-side filling of one-side closed conical capillaries with liquid [5]. On the one hand the more penetrant is trapped by the defect the wider indication will appear. Contrariwise it is almost impossible to extract a penetrant from the completely filled surface defects by dry developer [6]. In this study we propose the theory of the phenomenon. Besides experimental results of the investigation of two-side filling with various penetrants of conical capillaries are presented. Practical recommendations to optimize liquid penetrant testing process are proposed. 

Although the issue of PIF interactions has long been recognized by human factors researchers, little has been done to develop practical recommendations. This is partially a result of the large number of possible PIF combinations and the complexity of their interactions. One of the most effective ways of studying this interaction is through an in-company human factors study which will use operational feedback to evaluate the results of design and human factors innovations. 

Fluid properties Density Ideal requirements Fluid density should not be greater than that which balances formation pressure. Practical recommendation Differential pressure should not exceed 100-200 psi. 

Solids content Ideal requirements no solids in completion and workover fluids. Practical recommendation Solids smaller than two microns can be tolerated as well as the bridging solids. The bridging solids should be (1) greater than one-half of the average fracture diameter (2) readily flushed from the hole acid or solvent soluble. 

Fluid loss Ideal requirements no fluid loss. Practical recommendations Fluid loss to the formation can be controlled by (1) fluid-loss agents or vixcositiers such as polymens, calcium carbonate, gilsonit, asphalt etc., (2) bridging materials. 

Rheology Ideal requirements low viscosity with the yield point and geis necessary for hole cleaning and solids suspension. Practical recommendation A compromise should be found to minimize pressure losses and bring sand or cutting to the surface at reasonable circulating rate. 

National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2006 47 (suppl 3) S1-S146. 

As a result, an EIA practitioner faces considerable difficulties while assessing impacts on ecosystems. On one hand, there are legal requirements to assess fully ecological effects and best practice recommendations to undertake quantitative assessments where possible. On the other hand, many assessors lack tools and techniques to undertake estimations with a high degree of confidence and prove them to be scientifically defensive. Of importance, there are formal RA techniques for tackling the uncertainty1 (first, data uncertainty) in a clear and explicit manner and its quantification, to increase impact predictability. 

Dautrebande, L. (1962b). Practical recommendation for administering pharmacological aerosols. In Microaerosols. Academic Press, New York, pp. 86-92. 

This was not really a practical recommendation. As mentioned earlier, almost all the agents we tested had no medical name. Had we told the volunteer he had just ingested (l-methyl-4-piperidyl) alpha-cyclobutylmandelate, how much better informed would he be Furthermore, since many chemical sfructures were classified, writing down specific information about them might jeopardize security (e.g., an enemy could see the chemical name and become aware of the Army s interest in the compound). Finally, no benefit was likely to come from a former volunteer telling his doctor the name of a mysterious chemical formula he had once received. 

Good practices recommend that drinking water must be produced from surface or ground water with suitable chemical and microbiological quality [63]. Although... 

The incident investigation team is responsible for developing practical recommendations and submitting them to management. It is then the responsibility of management to approve, modify, reject, communicate, implement, and follow-up on the recommendations, including ... 

Glycosylated hemoglobin. American Diabetes Association 1999 Clinical Practice Recommendations. ... 

American Diabetes Association. Clinical practice recommendations. Diabetes Care 2005 28 Suppl 1. 

This Report is one of the series developed under the auspices of Scientific Committee 46, a scientific program area committee of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) concerned with operational radiation safety. The Report provides practical recommendations on the use of personal monitors to estimate effective dose equivalent (Hg) and effective dose (E) for occupationally-exposed individuals. The Report is limited to external exposures to low-LET radiation. Recent additions to the radiation protection literature have made the recommendations possible. In order to avoid delay in utilizing the recommendations in the United States, the quantity as well as E, has been included until such time as the federal radiation protection guidance and associated implementing regulations are revised to express dose limits in E as recommended by the NCRP. 

Oertel WH et al State of the art in restless legs syndrome therapy Practice recommendations for treating restless legs syndrome. Mov Disord 2007 22(Suppl 18) S466. 

It is necessary to drive forward research on the effectiveness of the biodynamic preparations in order to provide sound practical recommendations for the frequency and timing of their use. However, discussions are required to decide whether it makes sense to assess the effect of individual biodynamic practices in isolation from the overall method, as these practices were proposed as part of a comprehensive farming system (Steiner 2004), the impulse of which is based, in particular, on a holistic understanding of agricultural processes. A complex, holistic, systemic form of science would be appropriate to biodynamic farming (Baars 2002), but has not yet been realised (Lockeretz 2000). It is unclear what would constitute holistic research. Phenomenological descriptions of the overall context are without doubt a key element that has been developed in much detail in the context of anthroposophic research over the past 80 years (Bockemtlhl 1992). However, does holistic research mean that the approach to every... 

Although the safe design practices recommended by professional and trade associations have no legal standing where they have not actually been incorporated in a body of law, many of them have the respect and confidence of the engineering profession as a whole and have been accepted by insurance underwriters so they are widely observed. Even when they are only voluntary, standards constitute a digest of experience that represents a minimum requirement of good practice. 

Provide meaningful and practical recommendations to improve the ineffective elements of the program. 

The growing availability of computerized predictive modeling and data management systems in the field is providing helpful new tools to aid control under these more difficult operating conditions. Nevertheless, interpreting data and providing suitable practical recommendations for corrective action still remain essentially a human function. 

Liu PY, Swerdloff RS, Veldhuis JD. The rationale, efficacy and safety of androgen therapy in older men future research and current practice recommendations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004 89 4789-96. 

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