Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone PVP

XRD analysis of the solid product showed three main peaks at 28.5 , 47.4 and 56.3 , which indicated that pure crystalline CuCl was formed [3]. Several well-known dispersants polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), sodium hexameta phosphate (SHP), the sodium salt of EDTA (EDTA-Na), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), were introduced to obtain a highly dispersed catalyst. The X-ray patterns obtained with these were basically the same as the patterns obtained with the solids prepared in the other experiments described here. 

Consider using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), which is widely used because of its biological compatibility, low toxicity, high complexing power, and its inert behavior toward salts, acids, and thermal degradation [21]. 

Iodophors are complexes of iodine with a surface-active agent such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP povidone-iodine). Iodophors retain the activity of iodine. They kill vegetative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and lipid-containing viruses. They may be sporicidal upon prolonged exposure. Iodophors can be used as antiseptics or disinfectants, the latter containing more iodine. The amount of free iodine is low, but it is released as the solution is diluted. An iodophor solution must be diluted according to the manufacturer s directions to obtain full activity. 

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) Methylcellulose (MC) Polvinyl alcohol (PVA) Polyacrylic acid (PAA) Poly (meth) acrylic acid ester (PMAA) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) Polyethylene glycols (PEG) White wax... 

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-based formulations are hyperosmotic and result in an improved dispersion of plasmids through the extracellular matrix of solid tissues (e.g. muscle), possibly by ... 

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), 310,328 Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), 415 Polycyclic polyyne rings, 142 Polyol hydrolysis method, 409 Polyol method, 289, 291,405 Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), 291, 355, 392, 393, 407, 424, 429 Positive electrodes, 104 Pr(OH)3,326 Pr Cg2/126 PrFs, 408 Primary... 

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) 2-20 Soluble in water and some organic solvents (may vary with molecular weight grades)... 

Percoll consists of silica particles (15 to 30 nm diameter) coated with nondialyzable polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP). It is nontoxic and almost chemically inert and does not adhere to membranes. Percoll can form densities of 1.0 to 1.3 and is iso-osmotic throughout. 

Ice maturation becomes of relevance to freeze-drying, where a preparation may have been optimally frozen but is then left in the freeze-drier at some suboptimal temperature before the drying cycle is commenced. Figure 16 shows the appearance of a frozen polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)... 

Figure 4 illustrates an experimental test performed on 5% solutions of KCl and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), both at 10-mm fill depth. The inverse relationship between and T is clearly shown and, interestingly, takes a very similar course for both products, despite their marked physical differences, i.e. KCl is crystalhne and PVP is amorphous. To a first approximation, the sublimation rate increases 3-fold for every 10° rise in temperature. It must, however, be remembered that for a wholly or partly amorphous product, the temperature of the subliming ice front must not be allowed to exceed the glass transition temperature Tg. It follows that the product composition also plays an important role in determining... 

Pikal et al studied a 5%-povidone (polyvinyl pyrrolidone, PVP) solution, dried from an 8-ml fill volume, of 2-cm depth, and from a 4-ml fill volume at a 1-cm fill depth. In this instance, the fill depth had little effect on the specific surface area of the dried product (2.5 m g compared to 2.3 m g )- It was found that the rates of secondary drying (as measured by the mean ratio of the (1 - F) values), the normalised water contents of the two products were essentially identical. A mean ratio of (1 - F) of 1.19 0.17 was found, indicating that cake thickness did not significantly affect secondary drying kinetics. It can thus be concluded that material at the top of the cake dries at a similar rate to material at the bottom, provided overheating is avoided. Similar experiments were carried out on an amorphous, formulated moxalactam product, as shown below. 

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), or combination as Kollidon SR Cross-Unked polyacryUc anhydride (PAA), for example, Carbopol ... 

This polymerization is governed by multiple simultaneous mechanisms such as particle coalescence and break-up, secondary nucleation and the diffusion of monomer to the interface, as Sdnchez-Silva et al. exposed in their study. The collective effect of these mechanisms confers the size, the structure, and the surface properties to the microcapsules. It was developed a method based on a free radical polymerization suspension process to fabricate nonpolar MPCM by Sanchez et al. Also, these authors studied the influence of the temperature in a reaction, stirring rate and the mass ratio of paraffin to styrene on the thermal properties of MPCM. More studies using this process were done by Borreguero et al., who considered two main steps a continuous one with deionized water and the stabilizer (polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, PVP), and a discontinuous one containing the styrene monomer, the paraffin wax, and the benzoyl peroxide. 

More recently, tests have been performed on composites made from carbon fiber (Hercules AS4) with two different sizings, namely polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K-17) and polyhydroxyether (phenoxy) with a vinyl ester (Derakane 441-400) matrix. The phenoxy polyhydroxyether (PKHW 35)... 

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