Polyurethane Polyols

Numerous references covering the preparation of polyols and their use in the manufacture of polyurethanes have appeared. There has been very extensive patenting on the self condensation of formaldehyde to mixtures of low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols, hydroxy-aldehydes, and hydroxy-ketones. The mixtures may optionally be hydrogenated to form polyhydric alcohols, and used directly as cross-linking agents or as starting components for the preparation of polyether or polyester polyols. 

A novel modification of polyols by reaction with isatoic anhydride to give amino-terminated polyalkylene ethers has been described. These products can be used in the manufacture of polyurethanes, especially elastomers, which are claimed to have improved thermal stability and good mechanical properties. 

An alternative stable interactive organic dispersion in polyol has recently been introduced. This consists of particles of polyurea dispersed in polyol, formed by the in situ polyaddition reaction of isocyanates with amines in a polyol medium, and offers similar advantages to the polymer/polyols. 

A discussion on rigid foam polyols which have been modified to include fire-retardant species appears in Section 5. 

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Uses. Neopentyl glycol is used extensively as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of polyester resins (see Alkyd resins), polyurethane polyols (see Urethane polymers), synthetic lubricants, polymeric plasticizers (qv), and other polymers. It imparts a combination of desirable properties to properly formulated esterification products, including low color, good weathering and chemical resistance, and improved thermal and hydrolytic stabiUty. 

Noel, D. and VanGheluwe, P., High-performance liquid chromatography of industrial polyurethane polyols, /. Chromatogr. Sci., 25, 231, 1987. 

The ready availability of ESO has contributed strongly to the commercial development of polyurethane polyols derived from this chemistry. Of all the approaches to developing renewable polyols for polyurethane applications, the... 

Migration of unreacted polyurethane polyol components can also occur. 

ASTM D 4274-88 Standard Method for Testing Polyurethane Polyol Raw Materials Determination Of Hydroxyl Number of Polyols, 9 pp (Conun D-20)... 

Use Alkyd resins, dynamite, ester gums, pharmaceuticals, perfumery, plasticizer for regenerated cellulose, cosmetics, foodstuffs, conditioning tobacco, liquors, solvent, printer s ink rolls, polyurethane polyols, emulsifying agent, rubber stamp and copying inks, binder for cements and mixes, special soaps, lubricant and softener, bacteriostat, penetrant, hydraulic fluid, humectant, fermentation nutrients, antifreeze mixtures. 

MAJOR USES Used in the production of brake fluid, insecticides, glycol ethers, polyurethane polyols, detergents, glycol ethers, dichloromethane and lubricants sterilization of packaged food products in fumigation chambers. 

Chapter 14 by Jun Kawahara and Masatake Haruta reviews AuNP-catalyzed propene epoxidation by dioxygen and dihydrogen. Propylene oxide, which is processed to polyurethane polyols and propylene ycols, is one of the most important chemical feedstocks whose efficient, free of side produd and selective synthesis is hi ly challenging, the... 

Propene oxide (PO, lUPAC nomenclature 2-methyloxirane) is an important chemical feedstock, having a world annual production capacity of about 7 mUhon tons [1]. It is processed into the major products, polyurethane polyols and propylene glycol [2]. The former are used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams and the latter for antifreeze (safer than ethylene glycol), drugs, cosmetics etc. 

The major application for epoxidized oils made by these means is their use as polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-plasticizers and stabilizers because of their ability to catch free HCl and slow degradation. Additionally, they can be used as reactive diluents for paints and as intermediates for polyurethane-polyol production. The most important product today is epoxidized soybean oil. The total worldwide production amounts to -200,000 t/y (4). 

Uses Polyurethane polyol used in soh/.-based systems modifier for acrylic, polyester, and alkyd resins high-solids coatings, machinery and equip, coatings, appliance coatings, automotive topcoats, paper and wood coatings, aerospace coatings Features Lower VOC... 

Uses Polyurethane polyol used as a modifier for water-sol. resins and emulsions, coil coatings, paper and wood coatings, appliance coalings, automotive topcoats/primers, can coatings, ink and graphics systems Features Lower VOC... 

Badri, K. H. Process for the production of vegetable oil-based polyurethane polyols. Malaysia Patent MY 145094-A (2012). 

Amine plastics, and polyurethane polyols and cause staining. 

Aromatic amines, normally arylamines, may be more effective than phenolics, but most are staining and discoloring and lack FDA approval for use in contact with food. Amines are commonly used in the rubber industry but also find minor uses in plastics such as black wire and cable formulations and in polyurethane polyols. 

Amine, Rubber, some pigmented plastics, and polyurethane polyols Arylamines tend to discolor and cause staining. 

Figure 733 DeterminaKon of heat of polymerization of polyurethane (polyol + polyisocyanate) [3]...

CE cellulosics EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers PA polyamides PES polyesters PO polyolefins POM polyoxymethylenes PUR polyurethanes, polyols RU rubber PS polystyrenes PVC poly(vinyl chloride). 

In order to reuse such a polyol in flexible foam manufacture a subsequent propoxylation step becomes necessary, and Dow Chemical has developed a tandem chemolysis process for flexible polyurethane polyols. 

Polyurethanes polyols containing a halogen, phosphorus compounds, and both phosphorus and halogen, organophosphates. 

D4274-A Testing Polyurethane Polyol Raw Materials Determination of Hydroxyl Numbers of Polyols CD 14900... 

Alkoxylation with ethylene oxide of the OH groups of c. leads to a group of nonionic - surfactants, used as - foamers and defoamers in detergents, lubricating oils and cutting fluids. Propoxy-lated c. serves in lubricants and as a polyurethane polyol. In the USA, 6500 mt of alkoxylated c. were produced in 1988. 

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