Polyalkylene ethers

Thermoplastic copolyester elastomers are generally block copolymers produced from short-chain aliphatic diols, aromatic diacids, and polyalkylene ether-diols. They are often called polyesterether or polyester elastomers. The most significant commercial product is the copolymer from butane-1,4-diol, dimethyl terephthalate, and polytetramethylene ether glycol [25190-06-1/, which produces a segmented block copolyesterether with the following structure. 

Adiprene [Du Pont], TM for a polyurethane rubber, the reaction product of diisocyanate and polyalkylene ether glycol. In its raw polymer form, it is a liquid of honey-like color and consistency, which is compounded chemically (to polymerize it further) and converted into products by casting and other techniques. 

Methods of synthesis of polymeric plasticizers are discussed in several pat-ents. ° ° "° Endcapped polyalkylene ethers were prepared for use in polyester resins. Different propanediol derivatives are synthesized to form polyester-type plasticizer. In the synthesis of polyester-type plasticizer it is important to avoid presence of unreacted acids. A second stage reaction is conducted in order to remove the odor from the polyester plasticizer." First, the plasticizer is synthesized in the presence of a molar excess of alcohol, then hydroxyl groups are reacted with mono- or difimctional isocyanates." Polyester plasticizer is also produced from a waste stream of non-volatiles recovered as a by-product of oxidation of cyclohexanone. 

TEEEs are typically produced by condensation polymerization of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or ester with a low MW aliphatic diol and a polyalkylene ether glycol. Reaction of the first two components leads to the hard segment, and the soft segment is the product of the diacid or diester with a long-chain glycol. This can be described as a melt transesterification of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, or preferably its dimethyl ester, with a low MW poly(alklylene glycol ether) plus a short-chain diol. ... 

R = H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, epoxyalkyl R = alkyl, aryl, polyalkylene ether, polyalkylene amine... 

A novel modification of polyols by reaction with isatoic anhydride to give amino-terminated polyalkylene ethers has been described. " These products can be used in the manufacture of polyurethanes, especially elastomers, which are claimed to have improved thermal stability and good mechanical properties. 

Phenol-formaldehyde condensation products and their polyalkylene ether alkanol derivatives [132]. 

Chem. Descrip. C9-C11-oxoalcohol polyalkylene ether Ionic Nature Nonionic... 

The most common BW antifoam employed today is UCON 50-HB-5100, from Union Carbide Corporation, which is the linear POP(33), POE(45) ether of butyl alcohol, or polyalkylene glycol monobutylether (PAGMBE). 

Mehra (1) [Named after the inventor] A process for extracting particular hydrocarbons from natural or synthetic gas streams using solvent extraction into polyalkylene glycol dialkyl ethers. Invented in 1982 by Y. R. Mehra at the El Paso Hydrocarbons Company, Odessa, TX. U.S. Patent 4,421,535. 

Immobilized Polvalkvlene Glvcols. Polyalkylene glycols and mono-methyl ethers of various molecular weights were heated at toluene reflux with both silica gel and alumina. Carbon analyses of the... 

Commercially, the polyalkylene oxide derivatives made by reacting ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with hexitols, or their partial esters, are the most important ethers. 

Polyethers are prepared by the ring opening polymerization of three, four, five, seven, and higher member cyclic ethers. Polyalkylene oxides from ethylene or propylene oxide and from epichlorohydrin are the most common commercial materials. They seem to be the most reactive alkylene oxides and can be polymerized by cationic, anionic, and coordinated nucleophilic mechanisms. For example, ethylene oxide is polymerized by an alkaline catalyst to generate a living polymer in Figure 1.1. Upon addition of a second alkylene oxide monomer, it is possible to produce a block copolymer (Fig. 1.2). 

Other Synthetic Fluids. Other synthetic fluids are used as heat-transfer fluids although most of them are not sold specifically for this purpose. Fluids that sometimes are used include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyl carbitol, w -cymene, several silanes, several silicone fluids, some silicate fluids, other polyalkylene glycols, other oiganic ethers, and other molten salts. Fluidized solids also are used as heat-transfer media. 

Fic. 6.42. Absorbance spectra of wet and dry polyalkylene glycol ether (brake fluid) in the near infra-red region of the electromagnetic spectrum 5 ... 

Carom [Carbide aromatics extraction] A two-stage process for removing aromatic hydrocarbons from petroleum refining streams. In the first stage, the aromatics are removed by liquid-liquid extraction with a proprietary solvent (a mixture of polyalkylene glycols and a glycol ether) at ambient temperature. In the second stage, the aromatics are stripped from the solvent by steam distillation. Developed by Union Carbide Corporation first commercialized in 1986, and now licensed by UOP. Seven units had been licensed by 2002. 

Chemical lures impregnated with prey scent have been developed for different species of carnivorous fish. Lures for different game fish species are supposed to contain different chemicals, although usually not revealed on the labels of the products. The artificial lures are made of cellulose ether, a polyalkylene glycol, plasticizers, and other chemicals, and are impregnated with amino acids. 

N. G. Gaylord (Ed.), High Polymers, Vol. XIII, Poly ethers Part I. Polyalkylene Oxides and Other Poly ethers, Wiley—Interscience, New York, 1963. 

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