Polymerase chain reaction assays

Lok AS, McMahon BJ (2007) Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 45(2) 507-539 Manesis EK, Papatheodoridis GV, Sevastianos V, Cholongitas E, Papaioannou C, Hadziyannis SJ (2003) Significance of hepatitis B viremia levels determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Am J Gastroenterol 98(10) 2261-2267... 

Waage, A. S. Vardund, T. Lund, V. Kapperud, G. Detection of low numbers of Salmonella in environmental water, sewage and food samples by a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. J. Appl. Microbiol. 1999, 87, 418 128. 

Cronin M, Pho M, Dutta D, et al. Measurement of gene expression in archival paraffin-embedded tissues development and performance of a 92-gene reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay. Am. J. Pathol. 2004 164 35—42. 

Rapid antigen and point-of-care tests, direct fluorescence antibody test, and the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay may be used for rapid detection of virus. 

Y1. Young, K. K. Y., Resnick, R. M., and Myers, T. W., Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by a combined reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31, 882-886 (1993). 

Figure 2 Cytokine gene expression in immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIV) stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC were cultured in the presence or absence of IRIV. On days 1 and 2, culture cells were harvested and total cellular RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed. The cDNAs thus obtained were tested in real time polymerase chain reaction assays in the presence of primers specific for the indicated cytokine genes. Source From Refs. 6 and 9.

Roberts, R. L., Barclay, M. L., Gearry, R. B., and Kennedy, M. A. (2004) A multiplexed aUele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of common thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) muta tions. Clin. Chim. Acta. 341, 49-53. 

Fluit, A. C., Torensma, R., Visser, M. J., Aarsman, C. J., Poppelier, M. J., Keller, B. H., Klapwijk, P., and Verhoef, J. (1993). Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in cheese with the magnetic immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59, 1289-1293. 

Bluhm, B. H., Flaherty, J. E., Cousin, M. A., and Woloshuk, C. P. (2002). Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction assay for the differential detection of trichothecene- and fumonisin-producing species of Fusarium in cornmeal. /. Food Prot. 65,1955-1961. 

Dean, T. R., Roop, B., Betancourt, D., and Menetrez, M. Y. (2005). A simple multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification of four environmentally relevant fungal contaminants. /. Microbiol. Methods 61, 9-16. 

Yajima, T. Yagihashi, A. Kameshima, H. Furuya, D. Kobayashi, D. Hirata, K. Watanabe, N. Establishment of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays for human telomerase-associated genes. Clin. Chim. Acta 2000, 290(2), 117-127. 

Hamburger, J., He, N., Xin, X.Y., Ramzy, R.M., Jourdane, J. and Ruppel, A. (1998a) A polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting snails infected with bilharzia parasites (Schistosoma mansoni) from very early prepatency. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 59, 872-876. 

Antibody capture of viruses can be used as a preparatory step in nucleic acid amplification techniques. Immunocapture of virus particles can be used to streamline and/or optimize the concentration, purification and specificity requirements of polymerase chain reaction assays. 

Slawin KM, Shariat SF, Nguyen C, et al. Detection of metastatic prostate cancer using a splice variant-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for human glandular kallikrein. Cancer Res 2000 60 7142-7148. 

Furuya D, Yagihashi A, Yajima T, Kobayashi D, Orita K, Kurimoto M, Watanabe N. An immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay for human interleukin-18. J Immunol... 

Chao HY, Wang YC, Tang SS, Liu HW. A highly sensitive immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A. Toxicon 2004 43(1) 27—34. 

The authors would like to thank Dr. Thomas Rushmore, Dr. Karen Richards, and Ms. Kristie Strong-Basalyga for their contribution in the development of the quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for CYP analysis in primary hepatocytes. 

Irving, J. M., Chang, L. W., and Castillo, F. J. (1993). A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection and quantitation of murine retroviruses. Bio Technology 11, 1042-1046. 

Alcantara-Payawal, D.E., Matsumura, M., Shiratori, Y., Okudaira, T., Gonzalez, R., Lopez, R.A., Sollano, J.D., Omata, M. Direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using polymerase chain reaction assay among patients with hepatic granuloma. X Hepatol. 1997 27 620 - 627... 

Zhan, Z Sandor, V. A., Gamelin, E Regis, J., Dickstein, B., Wilson, W., Fojo, A. T and Bates, S. E. (1997) Expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein gene in refractory lymphoma quantitation by a validated polymerase chain reaction assay. Blood 89, 3795-3800. 

Green ETC, Bain SC, Day PJ, Barnett AH, Charleson F, Jones AF, Walker MR. Detection of human apolipoprotein E3, E2, and E4 genotypes by an allele-specific oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction assay development and validation. Clin Chem 1991 37 1263-8. 

Aurelius E, Johansson B, Skoldenberg B, Staland A, Forsgren M. Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis by nested polymerase chain reaction assay of cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet 1991 337 ... 

Jaschek G, Gaydos CA, Welsh LE, Quinn TC. Direct detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic men by using a rapid polymerase chain reaction assay. J Clin Microbiol 1993 31 1209-12. 

Lubelli, C., Chatgilialoglu, A., Bolognesi, A., Strocchi, P., Colombatti, M. and Stirpe, F. (2006) Detection of ricin and other ribosome-inactivating proteins by an immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay. Anal Biochem, 355, 102-109. 

Hoon DS, Wang Y, Dale PS, et al. Detection of occult melanoma cells in blood with a multiple-marker polymerase chain reaction assay. J Clin Oncol 1995 13 2109-2116. 

Rickerts V, Mousset S, Lambrecht E, et al. Comparison of his-topathological analysis, culture, and polymerase chain reaction assays to detect invasive mold infections from biopsy specimens. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 44 1078-1083. 

Guarner J, Bhatnagar J, Shieh WJ, et al. Histopathologic, im-munohistochemical, and polymerase chain reaction assays in the study of cases with fatal sporadic myocarditis. Hum Pathol. 2007 38 1412-1419. 

Fritsch MK, Bridge JA, Schuster AE, et al. Performance characteristics of a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of tumor-specific fusion transcripts from archival tissue. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2003 6 43-53. 

Talantov D, Baden J, Jatkoe T, et al. A quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay to identify metastatic carcinoma tissue of origin. J Mol Diagn. 2006 8 320-329. 

Ma XJ, Patel R, Wang X, et al. Molecular classification of human cancers using a 92-gene real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006 130 465-473. 

Viale G, Dell Orto P, Biasi MO, et al. Comparative evaluation of an extensive histopathologic examination and a real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for mam-maglobin and cytokeratin 19 on axillary sentinel lymph nodes of breast carcinoma patients. Ann Surg. 2008 247 136-142. 

Vet JAM, Marras S A E (2004). Design and optimization of molecular beacon realtime polymerase chain reaction assays. Oligonucleotide Syn. Meth. Appl. 288 273-290. 

Bustin SA. Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. J Mol Endocrinol 2000 25 169-193. 

Weber, M., Hagege, H., Lutfalla, G., et al. (2003) A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for quantification of allele ratios and correction of amplification bias. Anal. Biochem. 320, 252-258. 

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