Polyethylene polyamine

Derivatives of polyisobutylene (6. in Figure 9.1) offer the advantage of control over the molecular weight of the polyisobutylene obtained by cationic polymerization of isobutylene. Condensation on maleic anhydride can be done directly either by thermal activation ( ene-synthesis reaction) (2.1), or by chlorinated polyisobutylene intermediates (2.2). The condensation of the PIBSA on polyethylene polyamines leads to succinimides. Note that one can obtain mono- or disuccinimides. The mono-succinimides are used as... 

The polyispbptylenes (PIB) having molecular weights ranging from 1000 to 2000 are substituted by maleic anhydride, and the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) formed is neutralized by a polyethylene-polyamine as indicated in Figure 9.10. 

In 1945, cationic urea resins were introduced and quickly supplanted the anionic resins, since they could be used with any type of pulp (62). Although they have now become commodities, their use in the industry has been steadily declining as the shift towards neutral and alkaline papermaking continues. They are commonly made by the reaction of urea and formaldehyde with one or more polyethylene—polyamines. The stmcture of these resins is very compHcated and has not been deterrnined. Ammonia is evolved during the reaction, probably according to the following ... 

EDA) and its homologues, the polyethylene polyamines (commonly referred to as ethyleneamines), the diarninopropanes and several specific... 

A plugging material with 2-furaldehyde-acetone monomer and silicone oligomers has been described [1099]. The components for this material are shown in Table 18-1. The 2-furaldehyde-acetone monomer can contain mono-furfurylidene-acetone and difurfurylidene-acetone. The hardener can be iron chloride, benzene-sulfonic acid, hexamethylene diamine, or polyethylene polyamine. The plugging stone has improved strength, elastic-deformation, and anticorrosion and adhesion properties. 

Using the rotating disk electrode, Seliv-anov et al. [214] have investigated the zinc electrodeposition from zincate electrolyte containing polyethylene polyamine. The limiting current density of [Zn(OH)4] ion diffusion through a film of zinc oxides and hydroxides is shown to be responsible for the formation of dark zinc deposits in the potential range from —1.33 to —1.47 V. 

DIAMINES AND HIGHER AMINES, ALIPHATIC. The aliphatic diamine and polyaminc family encompasses a wide range of multifunctional. mullireactivc compounds. This family includes ethylenediamine I EDA) and its homologues. the polyethylene polyamines (commonly referred to as ethyleneainines). the diaminoprnpancs and several specific alkancdiamines. and analogous polyamines. The molecular structures of these compounds may be linear, branched or cyclic, or combinations of these. 

An acrylate-terminated polyurethane modified epoxy compound and a polyethylene polyamine homologue and fatty acid combination were formulated into a two-component adhesive system. The adhesive is useful for bonding various thermoplastic resins such as ABS, PC, PBT-PC blends, and PPO.22... 

Sorption on membranes immobilized with azorhodanine reagents and sulfonitrophenol M [42], fibres of poly(acrylonitrile)-carboxylated polyethylene-polyamine [43] and a filter-paper containing chemically attached hexamethylenediamino groups [44] have recently been employed for separation and preconcentration of elements. 

Beryllium in tap water, dialysis fluids and alkali-metal salts was determined with Chrome Azurol S after preconcentration of the complex on a column packed with polyethylene powder [1]. Sorption preconcentration of Be on a fibrous sorbent (poly(acrylonitrile)-carboxylated polyethylene-polyamine) prior to the determination of metal with Arsenazo I in sea water was described [2]. 

A standard method used to separate single polyamine components from these fractions involves neutralization of the amines with a mineral acid and subsequent fractional crystallization of the salt adducts. Some purified polyethylene polyamines have been obtained from DETA (8), TETA (9), and TEPA (10), as well as from technical grade 1,2-diamino-cyclohexane, DACH (11), using this procedure. Fractional crystallization of certain polyamine hydrates has also been reported (12). The difficulties associated with these methods—poor yields and low separation selectivi-ties—appear in the literature, however (13, 14). 

To avoid confusion in describing polyamine separations, Table I shows skeletal structural formulas of the isomeric and homologous polyethylene polyamines. Included with each formula is a derived abbreviation corresponding to the N-permethylated tertiary amine counterpart of the particular structure. The abbreviations are based on the homologous relationship of the N-permethylated structures to the first member of the series, N,N,N, N -tetramethylethylenediamine, or TMED (Compound 1,... 

The tetramethylcyclohexanediamine isomers, Compounds 12 and 13 in Table I, occurred admixed with at least three other components in the technical grade samples used. Except for the TMCHD isomers, some or all of the remaining compounds in Table I are found in differing amounts in the various N-permethylated polyethylene polyamine fractions (6,7). Experimentally the N-permethylated amines were obtained via the Eschweiler-Clarke reaction (16). 

Dissociation of the polyamine salt adduct must be achieved to liberate the salt and recover the polyamine. With complexes of the N-permethylated polyethylene polyamines, it is convenient (on a small scale) to dissociate the complex by dissolving it in aqueous potassium hydroxide. The tertiary polyamine is generally extracted from this mixture without difficulty. Dissolution of the complexes containing primary polyamines likewise leads to dissociation. However, high solubility of the primary polyamines in water creates a recovery problem. With complexes containing primary amine functions, it is preferable, and generally... 

The same type of dissociation technique may be used to recover N-permethylated polyamines from their metal-salt complexes. The solvent is the major factor to be considered in designing such a procedure. The solvent chosen should boil near or slightly above the thermal dissociation temperature of the particular polyamine salt complex. With N-permethylated polyethylene polyamines, the final recovery of a polyamine from the extraction solvent is best done by distilling the hydrocarbon solution. Recovery by phase separation is not possible with the tertiary polyamines since these compounds generally are miscible with most hydrocarbon solvents. 

POLY(ETHYLENEIMINE) or POLY-ETHYLENEIMINE or POLYETHYLENE POLYAMINES (26913-06-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 207°F/98°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, strong acids. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, acrylates, alcohols, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, substituted allyls, cellulose nitrate, cresols, caprolactam solution, chlorine oxyfluoride, epichlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, isocyanates, ketones, glycols, nitrates, phenols, vinyl acetate. Exothermic decomposition with maleic anhydride. Increases the explosive sensitivity of nitromethane. Attacks aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc, and other nonferrous metals. 

POLYETHYLENE POLYAMINES (26913-06-4) Combustible liquid (flash point... 

Babinar. [Marubishi Oil Chem.] Fatty acid polyethylene polyamine condensate softener, andstat for texdles, esp. polyacrylonitrile fiber. 

The classic use of methyl esters of vegetable oils has been as intermediates in the production of fatty alcohols from vegetable oils (Peters, 1996 Ahmad et al., 2007) or esterquats and methyl ester sulfonates (Ahmad et al., 2007). Fatty alcohols and the other products are used in surfactants and cleaning supplies. Intermediates were produced from polyisobutylene (PIB) maleic anhydride and rapeseed oil methyl esters which were used to acylate polyethylene polyamines (Hancsok et al., 2006). These additives showed corrosion-inhibiting and lubricity-improving effects. 

Assuming that the nanocomposites obtained can be considered as oscillators transferring their oscillations onto the medium molecules, we can determine to what extent the IR spectmm of liquid medium will change, e.g. polyethylene polyamine applied as a hardener in some polymeric compositions, when we introduce small and supersmall quantities of nanocomposite into it. 

FIGURE 8.23 IR spectrum of nickel/carbon nanocomposite line suspension (FS) in polyethylene polyamine. 

The effects of the influence of NS at their interaction into liquid medium depend on the type of NS, their content in the medium and medium nature. Depending on the material modified, FS of NS based on different media are used. Water and water solutions of surface-active substances, plasticizers, foaming agents (when modifying foam concretes) are applied as such media to modify silicate, gypsum, cement and concrete compositions. To modify epoxy compounds and glues based on ERs the media based on polyethylene polyamine, isomethyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, toluene and alcohol—acetone solutions are applied. 

Therefore it is necessary to use the different finely dispersed suspension for the modification of enumerated materials. The series of suspensions consist the suspensions on the basis of following liquids water, ethanol, acetone, benzene, toluene, dichlorethane, methylene chloride, oleic acid, polyethylene polyamine, isomethyl tetra hydrophtalic anhydrite, water solutions surface-active substances or plasticizers. In some cases the solutions of correspondent polymers are applied for the making of the stable finely dispersed suspensions. The estimation of suspensions stability is given as the change of optical density during the definite time (Figure 8.26)... 

The IR spectra of polyethylene polyamine and metal/carbon nanocomposite FS based on it with concentrations 0.001%-0.03% from polyethylene... 

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