Time definition

Reference electrode, 1104, 1108, 1113 potential, 819, 874 Refractive index, determination with ellipsometry, 1148. 1151 Reflection coefficient, 1151 Residence time, definition, 1310 Reversal techniques, determination of intermediate radicals, 1416 Reversible adsorption of organic molecules, 969, 970... 

Dispersive transport in PVC was investigated. The results of Pfister and Griffits obtained by the transit method are shown in Fig. 6. The hole current forms at temperatures > 400 K clearly show a bend corresponding to the transit time of the holes. At lower temperature the bend is not seen and transit time definition needs special methods. The pulse form shows the broad expansion during transition to the opposite electrodes. This expansion corresponds to the dispersive transport [15]. The super-linear dependence of the transit time versus sample thickness did not hold for pure PVC. This is in disagreement with the Scher-Montroll model. There are a lot of reasons for the discrepancy. One reason may be the influence of the system dimensions. It is quite possible that polymer chains define dimension limits on charge carrier transfer. 

As before, one can show that the length of dimensionless time required for the pressure decrease during blowdown is that given by Eq. (17) The dimensionless time definition in this case is given by Eq. (19). Hence the mole fraction profile after the pressure decrease is found by integrating Eq. (20) from t = 0 to... 

Testing dates Definition of zero-time Definition of analysis date Definition of analysis time Testing date windows Data handling... 

To photographers archival usually means negatives and prints that will last at least a century. Unfortunately, nobody knows for certain what will enable a print to last that long. Every time definitive research is announced by Kodak, the Image Permanence Institute, Ilford, or anyone else involved in archival research someone finds a spot on a print or negative that is supposedly archival by the new standard. 

In 1973, a few attempts were made to analyze paper in the forms of documents, prints, and watercolors. In spite of the low signal levels obtained at that time, definite reproducible spectral patterns were found... 

Two time definitions are important contact time and dwell time. Contact time can be defined as the time during which a contact of powder and punches is measurable, for example, when the force exceeds a certain limit of 100N. Dwell time can be defined predominantly for rotary machines as the time during which the punch heads are completely under the compression wheels and thus the applied force is constant. 

It must be observed again that the mixing times depend on the particular experimental techniques used to evaluate them. It is probably the different definitions of mixing time that are responsible for the differences in scale relations seen in Table V, although the limited range of some of the studies can also be a factor. The engineer faced with the problem of scale-up must decide if any of the studies outlined above are based on a mixing time definition which is especially appropriate to the situation with which he is concerned. 

The four spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms that are usually considered for nuclei of spin are (i) dipole-dipole interactions (DD) (ii) spin-rotation interactions (SR) (iii) scalar coupling (SC) and (iv) chemical screening anisotropy (CSA). (5) In Si NMR SC is not generally considered, except in the rare cases when Si is spin-coupled to I or other nuclei with resonance frequencies close to that of Si. Table XXX compares the contribution of the three remaining mechanisms with Si relaxation times. Definitions of these relaxation mechanisms can be found in ref. 229. Since a theoretical discussion of Si relaxation and NOE is detailed elsewhere [(5) and references therein] only general observations are made in this section. 

The results of earlier photolytic investigations ° , carried out in the liquid phase and in solution, revealed certain similarities and, at the same time, definite differences compared to those obtained in the vapour phase. 

A. Stochastic Difference in Time Definition A Stochastic Model for a Trajectory Weights of Trajectories and Sampling Procedures Mean Field Approach, Fast Equilibration, and Molecular Labeling Stochastic Difference Equation in Length Fractal Refinement of Trajectories Parameterized by Length... 

---