Poly urethane Resin

An inkjet recording ink composition, which is particularly suitable in textile use, has been described. The composition exhibits a high rub fastness and a dry cleaning resistance, as well as a high ejection stability. This can be achieved by adding a poly(urethane) resin to the ink composition. A key factor is that the poly(urethane) resin should contain 50% or more of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble portion. Then, the resulting inkjet composition could be superior in rub fastness, dry cleaning resistance and ejection stability. 

A wide variety of monomers can be used for the preparation of such a resin. A large series of examples have been detailed (47). In general, an aliphatic isocyanate is preferred. The average particle size of the final poly(urethane) resin should be 30-200 nm. Subsequently an exemplary recipe is reproduced. 

Preparation 5-2 In a reaction vessel equipped with a dropping funnel, a thermometer, a water-cooled reflux condenser, a stirrer, a temperature regulator and a nitrogen inlet tube, 230.0 y of a polycarbonate polyol (DURANOL T5651), 126.3 g of acetone and 0.06 g of dibutyltin dilaurate were added. The contents were heated to 40°C and sufficiently mixed. Then, 87.5 g of hexamethylene diisocyanate was added to the reaction vessel from the dropping funnel at 40°C over a period of 60 min. The residual hexamethylene diisocyanate in the dropping funnel was rinsed into the reaction vessel with 7.5 g of acetone. 

The temperature of the reaction vessel was increased to 50°C and kept for about 30 min. Then, 22.2 g of dimethylolpropionic acid and 12.6 g of triethylamine were added to the reaction vessel in that order from the dropping funnel. The dropping funnel was rinsed with 8.0 g of acetone. Then, the temperature of the reaction vessel was increased to 50°C again and kept for 60 min. 

After adding 532.0 g of ion exchanged water at 50°C over 10 min, 268.0 g of 10% trimethylol propane aqueous solution was dropped over 5 min 

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Poly(urethane) resins have been proposed as dispersant resins. Possible components for such resins are shovm in Table 3.38. 2,2,4-Trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate and other compoimds are shown in Figure 3.42. 

A number of photopolymer printing plates are already known. Their basic structures are to combine one of the general purpose resins such as cellulose (1), polyamide (2J, polyester, poly urethane (3j, polyvinyl alcohol (4), synthetic rubber (5) and the like with photopolymerizing vinyl monomer, photopolymerization initiator and so on. Any one of the plates of such structures can be used as a press plate, but they can not be used as an original plate for duplicate plate owing to their insufficient hardness, toughness and the similar negative properties. 

In an earlier investigation by the authors (2) poly(carbonate-co-urethane) resins consisting of 1,6-hexanediol, dimethyl carbonate, and 4,4 -diphenylmethanedi-isocyanate were prepared and used as flexible thermoplastic polyurethane resins. 

Poly(urethane urea)polysulfide resins consisting of polycaprolactone diol, 4,4 -methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), and bis-epithiopropyl sulfide, were prepared by Bojkova et al. (4) and used as optical lenses having good refractive index and good impact resistance/strength. 

Tough Compositions. The toughness of a thermoplastic, rigid poly(urethane) (PU) can be markedly improved by incorporating ABS resin. The ABS resin is mass-polymerized. 

A large variety of hyperbranched polymers with acrylate, vinyl ether, allyl ether, or epoxy functions were studied as multifunctional cross-linkers in coatings and in thermosets, using thermal as well as UV curing methods Clearly, polyesters are most prominent in the field, with the Perstorp Boltom products leading in technical studies. The commercialized poly(esteramide)s from DSM, sold under the trade name Hybrane polyethylenimines from BASF AG, available under the trade name TupasoF and poly(urethane)s (PUs) and polyesters developed by BASF are examples for hyperbranched polymers suited for coatings and resin products. 

Diol linseed fatty amide is treated with TDI at room temperature in a one shot technique to obtain polyurethane, using a minimal amount of xylene as the solvent and without any chain extender or catalyst. The reaction is stopped when it has reached the desired hydroxyl value and the solvent is removed through a rotary vacuum evaporator to obtain poly(urethane amide) resin. 

Mesua ferrea L. seed oil-based polyurethane (PU) resins, poly(urethane ester) (PUE) and poly(urethane amide) (PUA) with varying NCO/OH ratios have been prepared using the one shot process in the presence of DBTDL as a catalyst. Monoglyceride of the oil is used for poly(urethane... 

Mesua ferrea L. seed oil-based poly(urethane ester) and poly(urethane amide) resins with an NCO/OH ratio of 0.5 are modified by commercially available bisphenol-A based epoxy resin and partially butylated ME resin... 

Using a mixture of castor oil and hydroxyether of bisphenol-A (HBA) as the polyol and reacting with TDI in the presence of DBTDL catalyst at 35°C, a series of polyurethanes are prepared in an air-circulating oven for 48 h. A series of poly(urethane urea)-vinyl polymer hybrid aqueous dispersions are prepared. Waterborne poly(urethane urea) is synthesised from castor oil and polyoxypropylene polyol M = 1000 g moL ), dimethylol propionic acid and isophorone diisocyanate and then neutralised with tertiary amine. The hybrid aqueous dispersion with high oil content poly(urethane urea) exhibits excellent compressive mechanical strength. Sunflower oil-modified waterborne polyurethane resin may also be prepared. The waterborne resin is synthesised from the monoglyceride of the oU, poly(propylene-ethylene) triol, tartaric acid and toluene diisocyanate, then neutralised with triethyl amine. 

Two types of environmentally friendly jute fibre reinforced green composites have been studied. These are based on Mesua ferrea L. seed oil-based poly(urethane ester) and poly(urethane amide) resin blends with commercially available partially butylated melamine-formaldehyde and epoxy resins by solution impregnation and hot-curing methods. The composites were cured at a temperature of about 130-140°C under a pressure of 35.5 kg cm for around 2 h.The physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the epoxy-modified polyurethane composites were better than those of the MF-modified composites. They also possessed excellent chemical resistance and hydrolytic stability in water, acid and salt solutions, making them useful for low load-bearing applications. 

Eventually, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isosorbide may be chemically modified to form, bisacrylate esters or bis vinyl ethers, which can be used in photochemical or thermal cured vinyl resin compositions. Alternatively, this compound may be reacted with epichlorohy-drin and bases to form bis(glycidyl ether) adducts which may be used in epoxy resins. Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isosorbide will find use as a monomer in many polymeric compositions, such as polyesters, poly(urethane)s, poly(ether sulfone)s. 

Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(urethane)s, poly(eth-ylene) (PE), and poly(ester)s are particularly sensitive to microbial attack. Flexible PVC is by far the main plastic in which biostabilizers are incorporated, followed by poly(urethane) foams, and other resins. PVC itself is resistant to microbial attack, however, plasticizers, fillers, pigments, lubricants, and other additives used in PVC are... 

Poly(ether amide urethane) resin produced from com oil was used as a corrosion protective and environmental friendly coating material. The coatings have good scratch harness, flexibility, corrosion performance and temperature resistance up to 250°C (Alam Alandis 2014). Com oil can be used as a coating material for eggs to extent their shelf life. 

Cast urethane elastomers can be made by a variety of routes similar to those used for foams (Table 17.5). A popular schane with polyester diols is to make a prepolymer with excess diisocyanate and then to chain-extend or cross-link the prepolymer with a small molecule such as a diamine or a polyol. Two such reactants are shown in Table 17.5, IV. Thermoplastic urethane elastomers have been called virtually cross-linked polymers because they appear at room tanperature to be cross-linked and thus resist creep and have rather low hysteresis. However, the cross-links are microphase-separated domains of the urethane polar segments of the poly(urethane) and disappear as the temperature is raised, so that the polymer can be molded or extruded like an ordinary thermoplastic resin (see Section 17.10). The cross-links may be hydrogen bonds between urethane groups as well as allo-phanate bonds. They re-form on cooling. A typical elastomer is made by combining a polyester diol (adipic acid with 1,4-butanediol) with methylene-bis-diisocyanate (MDI). The segmented nature of the polymer, with polyester sections separating... 

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