Poly 2- ethylacrylate

Similarly, a synthetic polyelectrolyte, poly(2-ethylacrylic acid) (PEAA) was shown to be active in artificial membranes and pH-sensitive.62 Modes of activity... 

External polymers can also be employed to control leakage of entrapped solutes. Adsorption of the hydrophobic polyelectrolyte poly(2-ethylacrylic acid) on phosphatidylcholine membranes causes the disruption of vesicle membranes (Figure 4.32) with small changes in pH (7.4—>6.5). The surface polyelectrolyte undergoes a well-defined conformational transition from an... 

Schroeder UKO, Tirrell DA. Structural reorganization of phosphatidylcholine vesicle membranes by poly(2-ethylacrylic acid). Influence of the molecular weight of the polymer. Macromolecules 1989 22 765-769. 

Typical examples of pH-sensitive polymers with anionic groups as poly(carboxylic acids] are poly(acrylic acid] [PAA], poly(methacrylic acid], poly(2-ethylacrylic acid] and poly(2-propylacrylic acid] [18] (Fig. 20.4],... 

Epoxy poly(butadiene) Poly(ethylacrylate-co-glycidylmethacrylate) Chlorinated poly(methylstyrene) Poly(iodostyrene)... 

Poly(ethylacrylate methyl methacrylate) (Eudragit) Metoprolol tartrate [117]... 

Structure XXI Poly(ethylacrylate, melhacrylic acid) 1 (Eudragit L 30 D, L 100-55)... 

Structure XXIII Poly(ethylacrylate, methyl methacrylate) 2 1 (Eudragit E 30 D)... 

Eisenberg and coworkers have employed acid-base interactions to improve the miscibility of a number of polymer-polymer pairs. Miscible blends were prepared using acid-base interactions, e.g., with SPS (acid derivative) and poly (ethylacrylate-co-4-vinylpyrldine) (91), sulfonated polyisoprene and poly (styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (92), and using ion-dipole interactions, e.g., poly (styrene-co-llthium methacrylate) and poly (ethylene oxide) (93). Similarly, Weiss et al. (94) prepared miscible blends of SPS(acid) and amino-terminated poly (alkylene oxide). In addition to miscibility improvements, the interactions between two functionalized polymers offers the possibility for achieving unique molecular architecture with a polymer blend. Sen and Weiss describe the preparation of graft-copolymers by transition metal complexation of two functionalized polymers in another chapter. 

Poly(ethylacrylate) was also grafted onto guar gum in a microwave initiated manner without using initiator/catalyst [36]. The optimum sample was synthesized at 0.16 M ethylacrylate, 0.1 g guar gum/25 ml water, 1200 W microwave power and 15 s exposure time. The copolymer had 295%G and 73% efficiency, which were significantly higher than the %G and %E obtained with other monomers like acrylamide and acrylonitrile. 

V. Singh, A.K. Sharma, and S. Maurya, Efficient cadmium(ii) removal from aqueous solution using microwave synthesized guar gum-graft-poly(ethylacrylate), Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 48 (10), 4688-4696, 2009. 

With atomic force microscopy, Tong et al. compared the morphology of some poly(methylmethacrylate)-/ -poly(alkylacrylate)-/ -poly(methylmethacrylate) triblock copolymers, namely poly(methylmethacrylate)-fc-poly(isooctyl acrylate)-/ -poly(methylmethacrylate) (MIM), poly(methylmethacrylate)-fc-poly (n-butylacrylate)-/ -poly(methylmethacrylate) (MnBM), poly(methyhnethacrylate)-fc-poly(n-propylacrylate)-fc-poly(methyl methacrylate) (MnPM), and poly (methylmethacrylate)-/ - and poly(ethylacrylate)-/ -poly(methyhnethacrylate) (MEM), using a procedure designed to image microdomains of different mechanical properties. The amplitude and phase of the oscillating tip were recorded simultaneously at each point of the surface, with a lateral resolution of a few nanometers. 

Micellization of polydiene copolymers was examined by Petrak and co-workers [ 165] in the case of PEO-PI-PEO for the development of controlled drug release systems. This interest in biomedical applications was also the starting point for extensive studies on micellar systems obtained with PEO-poly(amino acid) [166, 167], PEO-polyesters block copolymers [168, 169] and PEO-poly (ethylacrylate) [170]. PEO-poly(methylidene malonate), also designated by PEO-PMM 212, of the following structure were developed in our group ... 

Poly(ethylacrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid) and their interactions with vesicles over a range of pHs [140]. 

Priming is used to promote adhesion to polymer surfaces. Primed PET is a widely used industrial material which ATR-EllR has difficulty in characterising due to the number and intensity of the absorption bands of the PET substrate. Primer species were identifled as PMMA, poly(ethylacrylate) and poly(caprolactone) by ToF-SIMS from characteristic fragments [190]. As also PET fragment ions were observed the primer layer is either extremely thin (<10 A) or discontinuous. 

Poly(ethylacrylate)-nickel and polyacrylonitrile nickel Characterisation of chemical bonds [112]... 

Chen, T. Mcintosh, D. He, Y Kim, J. Tirrell, D. A. Scherrer, P Fenske, D. B. Sandhu, A. P Cullis, P. R. Alkylated derivatives of poly(ethylacrylic acid) can be inserted into preformed liposomes and trigger pH-dependent intracellular delivery of liposomal contents. Mol Membr. Biol. 2004, 21, 385-393. 

The subject of IR and Raman-spectroscopic imaging has been covered comprehensively in a recent book [86]. In contrast to mapping, modern imaging techniques are based on the use of focal plane array detectors which allow the rapid characterization of multicomponent polymer samples such as blends of PMMA or poly(ethylacrylate) with polystyrene, or of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) with poly(lactic acid). 

In the first report on IPN s from this laboratory we presented the modulus-composition and modulus-temperature behavior of polystyrene (PS)-poly(ethylacrylate) (PEA) IPN s(5). For midrange compositions two distinct glass transitions occur at -16 C. and 75x. Although this system is usually considered incompatible the marked deviation from the hom.opolymer transition temperatures of -22 C. and +100 c. for PEA and PS respectively was taken to indicate a certain degree of molecular mixing. Whether or not the system was at thermodynamic equilibrium was difficult to determine but demixing was obviously hindered. 

The preparation by dispersion polymerization of the microsphere sample employed in this study was previously described [8]. The microsphere sample utilized in this study has a monomodal diameter distribution with mean diameter value d= 3.09 pm and standard deviation dsdev= 0-74 pm. The microsphere surface is covered by a poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylacrylate) whose percent by weight is 1.1... 

The endopolygalacturonase obtained from a Kluyveromyces marxianus culture broth was purified through the addition of specifically designed core-shell microspheres consisting of an inner polystyrene core and an outer shell constituted by a poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylacrylate) statistical copolymer. These microspheres were previously found very effective in purifying the pectinlyase within a commercial pectinase sample [15]. 

The acrylic plastics use the term acryl such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrytic acid, poly-R acrylate, poly-R methacrylate, polymethylacrylate, polyethylmethacrylate, and cyanoacrylate plastics. PMMA is the major and most important homopolymer in the series of acrylics with a sufficient high glass transition temperature to form useful products. Repeat units of the other types are used. Ethylacrylate repeat units form the major component in acrylate rubbers. PMMAs have high optical clarity, excellent weatherability, very broad color range, and hardest surface of any untreated thermoplastic. Chemical, thermal and impact properties are good to fair. Acrylics will fail in a brittle manner, independent of the temperature. They will suffer crazing when loaded at stress about halfway to the failure level. This effect is enhanced by the presence of solvents. 

---