Poly blend with polycarbonate

The other alternative for exciton quenching due to doping is Forster-type energy transfer towards a chromophore with bathochromatically shifted absorption spectrum so that the spectral overlap between the donor and acceptor absorption is larger. An example is fluorescence quenching in a film of poly(phenyl-pheny-lene-vinylene) (PPPV) blended with polycarbonate (PC) at a PPPV PC ratio of 20 80 per weight and doped by the 4-dicyanomethylenc-2-methyl-6-p-dimcthyla-... 

The most common polymers used for instrument panel stmctnres are acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blended with polycarbonate (ABS/PC), polycarbonate (PC), poly(phenylene oxide) blended with nylon (PPO/nylon), poly(phenylene oxide) blended with styrene (PPO/styrene), polypropylene (PP), and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) [3]. The percentage of each of these polymers typically used in year 2000 models is shown below in Table 17.3 [3], All of these materials by themselves... 

Stanuloy ST Poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, modified or blended with polycarbonate MRC Polymers, Inc. 

Other studies have focused on poly(dimethylsiloxane) blended with polycarbonates, ° polyisobutylene, poly(ethylene oxide), polyurethanes, epoxies,benzoxazines, and poly(hexylthiophene). ° In some cases, a polysiloxane oil was blended into polypropylene to facilitate its processing. A variety of other siloxane materials have been employed—for example, poly(diethylsiloxane), polyurethanes, fiuori-nated siloxane copoymers and fluororubbers in general, and trimethyl-siloxy silicates. ... 

Blends comprising sulfone polymers and other middle- to high-temperature engineering resins with at least a partially aromatic backbone structure are feasible in many cases. Such blends include sulfone polymer blends with polycarbonates, some polyesters, polyarylates, poly-etherimides, and polyaryletherketones. Blends of PPSF with poly-aryletherketones such as PEEK or PEK are particularly interesting as these blends form very finely dispersed systems with synergistic strength, impact, and environmental stress cracking resistance properties [43, 44]. 

Examples of photothermoplasts include polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polystyrenes, polycarbonates, and their copolymers (169). An especially well-re searched photothermoplast is poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is blended with methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene as a monomer, and titanium-bis(cyclopentadienyl) as a photoinitiator (170). 

Automotive appHcations account for about 116,000 t of woddwide consumption aimuaHy, with appHcations for various components including headlamp assembHes, interior instmment panels, bumpers, etc. Many automotive appHcations use blends of polycarbonate with acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene (ABS) or with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) (see Acrylonitrile polymers). Both large and smaH appHances also account for large markets for polycarbonate. Consumption is about 54,000 t aimuaHy. Polycarbonate is attractive to use in light appHances, including houseware items and power tools, because of its heat resistance and good electrical properties, combined with superior impact resistance. 

During the eady development of polycarbonates, many bisphenols were investigated for potential useftil products. Some of these monomers and polymers are hsted in Table 3. Despite this intensive search, however, no homopolycarbonates other than that of BPA have been produced. Copolymers and blends, on the other hand, have been quite successhil. Blends of polycarbonate with ABS and with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT in particular have shown significant growth since the mid-1980s. 

Blends with good mechanical properties can be made from DMPPO and polymers with which DMPPO is incompatible if an appropriate additive, compatibilizing agent, or treatment is used to increase the dispersion of the two phases. Such blends include mixtures of DMPPO with nylon, polycarbonate, polyester, ABS, and poly(phenylene sulfide). 

Engineering resins can be combined with either other engineering resins or commodity resins. Some commercially successhil blends of engineering resins with other engineering resins include poly(butylene terephthalate)—poly(ethylene terephthalate), polycarbonate—poly(butylene terephthalate), polycarbonate—poly(ethylene terephthalate), polysulfone—poly (ethylene terephthalate), and poly(phenylene oxide)—nylon. Commercial blends of engineering resins with other resins include modified poly(butylene terephthalate), polycarbonate—ABS, polycarbonate—styrene maleic anhydride, poly(phenylene oxide)—polystyrene, and nylon—polyethylene. 

Blends of ABS with polycarbonates have been available for several years (e.g. Bayblend by Bayer and Cycoloy by Borg-Wamer). In many respects these polymers have properties intermediate to the parent plastics materials with heat distortion temperatures up to 130°C. They also show good impact strength, particularly at low temperatures. Self-extinguishing and flame retarding grades have been made available. The materials thus provide possible alternatives to modified poly(phenylene oxides) of the Noryl type described in Chapter 21. (See also sections 16.16 and 20.8.)... 

Polyarylates can be blended with a wide range of commercially available thermoplastics, including polyamides, polycarbonates, polyetherketones, polyesters, and poly(phenylene sulfide), thus broadening their application domain. 

Cheng, Y.-Y., Brillhart, M., Cebe, P. and Capel, M., X-ray scattering and thermal analysis study of the effects of molecular weight on phase structure in blends of polybutylene terephthalate with polycarbonate, J. Poly. Sci., Polym. Phys., 34, 2953-2965 (1996). 

Polycarbonate is blended with a number of polymers including PET, PBT, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) rubber, and styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer. The blends have lower costs compared to polycarbonate and, in addition, show some property improvement. PET and PBT impart better chemical resistance and processability, ABS imparts improved processability, and SMA imparts better retention of properties on aging at high temperature. Poly(phenylene oxide) blended with high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) (polybutadiene-gra/f-polystyrene) has improved toughness and processability. The impact strength of polyamides is improved by blending with an ethylene copolymer or ABS rubber. 

High-impact polystyrene (HIPS) is produced by polymerizing styrene in the presence of a rubber, usually poly(l,3-butadiene). HIPS has improved impact resistance compared to polystyrene and competes with ABS products at low-cost end applications such as fast-food cups, lids, takeout containers, toys, kitchen appliances, and personal-care product containers. HIPS as well as ABS and SMA are used in physical blends with other polymers, such as polycarbonates, polyesters, and polyamides, to improve impact resistance (Sec. 2-13c-3). 

Certain blends and copolymers of polycarbonate demonstrate dramatically improved solvent resistance. The blend of polycarbonate and poly(butylene terephthalate) combines the toughness of polycarbonate with the solvent resistance of the semicrystalline polyester. 

Blends of polycarbonate with ABS and with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) have shown significant growth since the mid-1980s. 

Carboxylated polyesters were prepared by extending hydroxyl-terminated polyester segments with dianhydrides. Carboxylated polyesters which were soluble in common lacquer solvents were effective in improving the adhesion of coatings on a variety of substrates when 1-10% was blended with cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, bisphenol polycarbonates, and other soluble polymers. 

Table II shows the effect of the carboxyl content on the adhesive characteristics of PMDA-extended polyesters in blends with K-l polycarbonate [4,4 - (2-norbomylidene) diphenol polycarbonate] (VIII), cellulose acetate butyrate, and poly (vinyl chloride). K-l polycarbonate is an experimental polymer which, like cellulose acetate butyrate and poly (vinyl chloride), is very sensitive to adhesive changes because only 1-2% of a carboxylated...

There is a large body of patent literature and a growing amount of scientific literature on blends of polycarbonate with various crystallizable polyesters. The latter would include poly (ethylene terephthalate), poly-(butylene terephthalate), polycaprolactone, and certain copolyesters derived from mixtures of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid co-reacted with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (79, 80, 81,82). As shown recently, some of these mixtures form miscible blends although the polyester possesses the possibility of crystallizing. The number of patents on such systems indicates a degree of commercial interest. 

The introduction of the reactive oxazoline group into the triphosphazene ring has been achieved by the reaction of (NPC s and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazo-line, giving a hexasubstituted product (151).The reactivity of the oxazoline entities in (151) could be demonstrated by reaction with 4-benzoylbenzoic acid [formation of the photosensitive cyclophosphazene (152)] by the reactive blending with poly(ethylene terephthalate), and the compatibilizing activity for polycarbonate - polyamide blends. ... 

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