Plant construction sites

Case 2. In the construction industry, a major utility company brought two large power plant construction sites into VPP in 1983 and 1984. By 1986, one site had reduced its total recordable cases by 24 percent and its lost workday cases by one-third. The other site reduced recordable cases by 56 percent and its lost workday cases by 62 percent. 

Actually, a prototype of the ELENA NTEP is the pilot and demonstration thermoelectric nuclear reactor installation GAMMA since it was used to validate major concepts of the ELENA project. The current ELENA NTEP project offers an enveloping design that is not bound to a potential plant construction site. It is probable that a particular binding to a construction site will require modifying the project but such modifications are not expected to be so significant as to require the construction of a new demonstration prototype. 

In the first place, it must be understood that ISO 9001 2000 is a generic standard which can be applied to practically any institutional, commercial or industrial situation, for example, a school, a car hire agency, a washing machine factory or a construction site. So a considerable amount of effort has to be expended to translate the principles proposed therein into a format and expression relevant to a given context. In the case of this handbook, it has been written in the spirit of ISO 9001 2000, but expressed in terms which make sense on a process plant construction site. 

Let us compare the very different cultures of two EPCM contractors, X and Y , concerning the management of quality on their process plant construction sites. 

On a process plant construction site there were 19 principal construction contractors. Each contract had been awarded on a competitive tendering basis from a short pre-selected list of bidders. On the whole, the contracts ran smoothly, any claims for... 

Let us compare the experience of applying a formal nonconformity (NC) management system on two different process plant construction sites, A and B. On site A, from the day the site was opened, the NC management system was operational, an initiative totally supported by the EPCM contractor s site director, who considered it essential for mastering any quality problems that might arise. 

Ov6r a period of years some 200 quality audits were carried out on several process plant construction sites. About 10 of these were directed within the EPCM contractor s organization, the remainder concerning construction contractors. They give rise to the foliowing comments ... 

Auditing can make a very useful, even essential and vital, contribution to quality management on a process plant construction site, but it has to be properly conducted and receive top management support from all parties involved. This can lead to auditing being accepted as something positive, and not just as a police operation. 

On a process plant construction site, welding is an integral and essential part of ... 

Through the 11 chapters of the handbook, the reader is introduced progressively into a methodology for mastering the management of quality on a process plant construction site. The various principles presented are set into context by the inclusion of a number of case studies. 

Large-scale models, to a scale of at least 1 30, are normally made for major projects. These models are used for piping design and to decide the detailed arrangement of small items of equipment, such as valves, instruments and sample points. Piping isometric diagrams are taken from the finished models. The models are also useful on the construction site, and for operator training. Proprietary kits of parts are available for the construction of plant models. 

The physical model has to be transported to the plant site for use in the plant construction and operator training. A computer model can be instantly available in the design office, the customer s offices, and at the plant site. 

This was "as far as the eye could see." The eye could not see beyond the construction site. He did not go to any of the camps. Though he remembered that Camp IV, built within a hundred yards of the methanol plant, was called "Monowitz," he understood it to be an ordinary work camp. 

A. Yes. I recall that after a conference concerning the railway between Auschwitz town and the I.G. Farben concentration camp, in the afternoon Herr Pohl came into the Farben plant and looked at the construction site. I spoke of our concern that the site was still lacking labor. [This slip-of-the-tongue was the first reference to an I.G. Farben concentration camp.l... 

Detailed estimate (firm estimate). Complete specifications, drawings, and site surveys for the plant construction are required, and the estimate has an accuracy of—5 to -1-10 percent. 

Figure 22. Typical H2S emissions at various locations of an SEA mix plant and construction site.

One and one-half miles (2.4 km) of existing asphaltic concrete pavement on Loop 1604 were overlaid with an inch (25.4 mm) thick Sulphlex mixture The Sulphlex hot-mix was produced in a three ton (2.7 tonne) batch plant, and hauled approximately five miles (8.05 km) in open trucks to the construction site. 

Some experts estimate about 10 percent of the aerosols in the atmosphere come from human-made sources, mainly from burning things.11 Car engines, power plants, airplanes, and trains all burn fuel and emit smoky aerosols. In addition, cleared land and construction sites stir up dirt and dust to form aerosols. 

The coca plant, which is thought to predate the appearance of man, thrives in South America. Thousands of years ago, workers in the Andes chewed coca leaves to lessen the discomfort of long hours of work in cold climates. In the 1890s black stevedores in New Orleans used cocaine to help endure their grueling work loading steamboats. Black laborers in other parts of the South are thought to have used cocaine as they worked on cotton plantations, railroad work camps, and construction sites..—... 

Sites where filling activity is evident but there has been no confirmation as to whether or not dumping has occurred. However, based on the location of the site and peripheral land use, it would appear that dumping could have occurred. Sites located adjacent to industrial or commercial activities, maintenance areas, large construction sites and public facilities such as sewage treatment plants and incinerators should be evaluated as possible dumps. 

Another expense which is included under indirect plant cost is the item of construction or field expense and includes temporary construction and operation, construction tools and rentals, home office personnel located at the construction site, construction payroll, travel and living, taxes and insurance, and other construction overhead. This expense item is occasionally included under equipment installation, or more often under engineering, supervision, and construction. If construction or field expenses are to be estimated separately, then Table 15 will be useful in establishing the variation in percent of fixed-capital investment for this indirect cost. For ordinary chemical-process... 

Construction workers. It is paramount that the construction site be safe. Most plants will have a Construction Safety Procedure that is in place to protect the plant, its workers, and the construction personnel. This procedure should be included in every prime and sub contract. 

The most common use of personal protective equipment is for the protection of head, eyes, ears, torso, hands, and feet. This equipment helps to protect a person from damage normally encountered in an industrial plant, a construction site, or land renovation project. PPE includes devices and clothing designed to be worn or used for the protection or safety of an individual in potentially hazardous areas or performing potentially hazardous operations. 

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