Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling

Cantrell, D.A., 2001, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways. J. Cell Science, 114 1439-1445. 

Brader S, Eccles SA (2004) Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling pathways in tumor progression, invasion and angiogenesis. Tumori 90 2-8... 

S Additional information <1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6> (<1,2,3,4>, enzyme is involved in the synthesis of 3-phosphoinositides. Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases are further subdivided into class lA and IB enzymes, which signal downstream of tyrosine kinase and heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors, respectively. All class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase members also bind to Ras, but the role of this interaction in physiological phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling is not entirely clear [1] <1,4>, enzyme can promote proliferation [1] <1,2,3,4>, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and DNA synthesis... 

Kaur H, Park CS, Lewis JM, Haugh JM. Quantitative model of Ras/phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling cross-talk based on co-operative molecular assembly. Biochem. J. 2006 393 235-243. 

Cox SS, van dtr Giezen M, Tarr SJ, Crompton MFR, Tovar J. Evidence fiom bioiirformatics, expression and inhibition studies of phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling Giardia intestinalis. BMC Microbiol. 2006 18(6) 45. 

Harris, S.J., Parry, R.V., Westwick, J and Ward, S.G. (2008) Phosphoinositide lipid phosphatases natural regulators of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling in T lymphocytes. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283, 2465-2469. 

Chemokine Signaling in T-Lymphocyte Migration The Role of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase... 

Key Words Chemokines GTPases phosphoinositide 3-kinase protein kinase C T lymphocytes signaling tyrosine kinases. 

Sotsios Y, Ward SG. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase a key biochemical signal for cell migration in response to chemokines. Immunol Rev 2000 177 217-235. 

Maffucci T, Cooke FT, Foster FM, Traer CJ, Fry MJ, Falasca M. Class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase defines a novel signaling pathway in cell migration. J Cell Biol 2005 169(5) 789-799. 

Cronshaw DG, Owen C, Brown Z, Ward SG. Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases by the CCR4 ligand macrophage-derived chemokine is a dispensable signal for T lymphocyte chemotaxis. J Immunol 2004 172(12) 7761-7770. 

Corvera, S. and Czech, M. R, Direct targets of phosphoinositide 3-kinase products in membrane traffic and signal transduction [review], Trends Cell. Biol., 8, 442-6, 1998. 

Developmental exposure to Pb or Mm affect signal transduction process, possibly related to the modulation of nitric oxide as well as alterations in receptor-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and protein kinase C (rats)... 

Brunn, G.J., Williams, J., Sabers, C., Weiderrecht, G., Lawrence, J. C., and Abraham, R. T. (1996). Direct inhibition of the signaling functions of the mammalian target of rapamycin by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002. EMBOJ. 15, 5256-5267. 

Manning, B. D., and Cantley, L. C. (2003). United at last The tuberous sclerosis complex gene products connect the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31, 573-578. 

Other enzymes present in myelin include those involved in phosphoinositide metabolism phosphatidylinositol kinase, diphosphoinositide kinase, the corresponding phosphatases and diglyceride kinases. These are of interest because of the high concentration of polyphosphoinositides of myelin and the rapid turnover of their phosphate groups. This area of research has expanded towards characterization of signal transduction system(s), with evidence of G proteins and phospholipases C and D in myelin. 

The family of heterotrimeric G proteins is involved in transmembrane signaling in the nervous system, with certain exceptions. The exceptions are instances of synaptic transmission mediated via receptors that contain intrinsic enzymatic activity, such as tyrosine kinase or guanylyl cyclase, or via receptors that form ion channels (see Ch. 10). Heterotrimeric G proteins were first identified, named and characterized by Alfred Gilman, Martin Rodbell and others close to 20 years ago. They consist of three distinct subunits, a, (3 and y. These proteins couple the activation of diverse types of plasmalemma receptor to a variety of intracellular processes. In fact, most types of neurotransmitter and peptide hormone receptor, as well as many cytokine and chemokine receptors, fall into a superfamily of structurally related molecules, termed G-protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are named for the role of G proteins in mediating the varied biological effects of the receptors (see Ch. 10). Consequently, numerous effector proteins are influenced by these heterotrimeric G proteins ion channels adenylyl cyclase phosphodiesterase (PDE) phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to yield arachidonic acid. In addition, these G proteins have been implicated in... 

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