Perfumes other ingredients

The surfactant ammonium xylenesulfonate is used as both a thickener and a hydrotrope, a compound that makes it easier for water to dissolve other molecules. It helps keep other ingredients in solution, including some of the odd substances that are added for marketing effect, such as perfumes. Glycerol stearate is another emulsifier used for this purpose. 

Skin and hair cosmetics containing alcohol, perfume and other ingredients that may irritate sensitive skin... 

Choose a perfume blend that is compatible with other ingredients like hypochlorite bleach, peroxygen salts, and enzymes, and does not have potential of increasing product viscosity or causing phase separation (especially for structured liquids). 

Before the 1950s, soap was manufactured in the saponification process. Soap was prepared in large kettles in which fats, oils, and caustic soda were mixed and heated. After cooling, salt was added to the mixture forming two layers soap and water. The soap was pumped from the top layer to a closed mixing tank where builders, perfumes, and other ingredients were added. Finally, the soap was rolled into flakes, cast, or milled into bars, or spray-dried into soap powder [1, 2]. 

Indole is replaced by Indolal at a slightly higher level, as it gives a less intense, animalic jasmine character in soap. Other ingredients need to be substituted because of their relatively high cost contribution to the perfume formula. 

Other ingredients can either improve the aesthetic and the physical aspects of the product, such as viscosity, pH, stability, or preservation, or make the products more attractive to the consumer (color, appearance, perfume, etc.). 

These are chosen according to qualitative criteria, but must also be compatible and stable with the other ingredients. In shampoos for sensitive skins, particularly baby shampoos, the perfume must be free of irritant molecules (Tables 6.12 and 6.13). 

Although some authors state that irritant reactions occur frequently and are caused especially by products with high concentrations of perfume (notably deodorants and antiperspirants) no clinical data or literature references are provided to substantiate these statements (Meynadier et al. 1986). Of course, deodorants and antiperspirants are an important cause of irritation, due to the humidity and anatomical occlusion of the axillae (De Groot et al. 1987). However, this may well be caused by the alcohol or other ingredients rather than by the fragrance materials. 

The colorant s chief disadvantages are its inability to blend well with the other ingredients usually found in powder formulations, its tendency to produce blue undertones, and its ability to catalyze the oxidation of perfumes. 

Extracts (e.g., tincture) are used as fragrance components in perfumes (especially oriental types). An Australian patent has been issued for use of an aqueous extract of the corm (in combination with other ingredients for treatment of baldness). ... 

Perfume Perfumes are added to laundry formulations to mask odors of other ingredients and to convey a pleasant odor which may be suggestive of a natural fragrance or of a clean wash. The perfume has essentially nothing to do with effective soil removal but adds to product aesthetics and aids in consumer acceptance of the product. 

Other hand, depending on the formulation, there are perfumes that could be incompatible with the cosmetic itself, due to solubilization problems (which affect the manufacturing process), chemical and/or physical interactions with other ingredients, etc. 

A case of contact dermatitis due to the perfume Albert Verley E 1991 (38-420) in mycolog cream was reported by Coskey and Bryan (26 =). Patch tests with other ingredients were negative. 

Initial evaluations of chemicals produced for screening are performed by smelling them from paper blotters. However, more information is necessary given the time and expense required to commercialize a new chemical. No matter how pleasant or desirable a potential odorant appears to be, its performance must be studied and compared with available ingredients in experimental fragrances. A material may fail to Hve up to the promise of its initial odor evaluation for a number of reasons. It is not at all uncommon to have a chemical disappear in a formulation or skew the overall odor in an undesirable way. Some materials are found to be hard to work with in that their odors stick out and caimot be blended weU. Because perfumery is an individuaHstic art, it is important to have more than one perfumer work with a material of interest and to have it tried in several different fragrance types. Aroma chemicals must be stable in use if their desirable odor properties are to reach the consumer. Therefore, testing in functional product appHcations is an important part of the evaluation process. Other properties that can be important for new aroma chemicals are substantivity on skin and cloth, and the abiHty to mask certain malodors. 

Cinnamaldehyde, [14371-10-9] CgH CH=CHCHO (bp, 253°C at 101.3 kPa), produced by the alkaline condensation of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde is the main ingredient in cassia oil. It is used in soap perfumes and as an intermediate in the production of other flavor and fragrance compounds. 

Vanillin, CgHgOj, is one of the most important synthetic perfumes. It is the active odorous ingredient of the vanilla pod, in which it occurs to the extent of about 2 per cent., appearing on the surface of the bean as a fine white crystalline efflorescence. It occurs naturally also in Sumatra benzoin (about 1 per cent.), Siam benzoin (15 per cent.), and the balsams of Tolu and Peru (traces). Numerous other bodies have been recorded as containing it, such as asafoetida, beetroot and asparagus, the seeds of Lupinus albus, the seeds of Sosa canina, etc. 

Synthetic coumarin is largely used in the place of Tonca beans, and forms an extremely useful substance for fixing other odours. Traces of fixed oil are useful in coumarin mixtures, as the coumarin odour appears to become more fixed in this way. Foin coup6, or new-mown hay, is a favourite perfume in which coumarin is the cnief ingredient. The following table of solubilities of coumarin in alcohol of various strengths and in water has been compiled by Schimmel Co. —... 

Batchwise operating three-phase reactors are frequently used in the production of fine and specialty chemicals, such as ingredients in drags, perfumes and alimentary products. Large-scale chemical industry, on the other hand, is often used with continuous reactors. As we developed a parallel screening system for catalytic three-phase processes, the first decision concerned the operation mode batchwise or continuous. We decided for a continuous reactor system. Batchwise operated parallel sluny reactors are conunercially available, but it is in many cases difficult to reveal catalyst deactivation from batch experiments. In addition, investigation of the effect of catalyst particle size on the overall activity and product distribution is easier in a continuous device. 

VANILLIN is widely used as an ingredient in food flavors, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a fragrance in perfumes and other odor masking products. 

Husk, from ito pleasantness and permanence, becomes a general basis-odor and from these, and its diffusi-hility, it may be called the wings of the perfumes, as, besides carrying with it the other fragrances, it survives to pronounce their departure and illustrate its own durability. It requires, however, to be very much diluted, in order that it may not prevail too much in the scents which may contain it as an ingredient. 

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