Patent searching, bibliography

The objective of the search itself may set sharp boundaries for subject, or source, or time, or all three. In patent searching it makes a great difference whether the interest is in anticipation, or novelty, or interference, or infringement. The fuzziest of all objectives, a comprehensive bibliography, may be sharply clarified by limits on funds or manpower. 

Because the electrochemistry of pyridines has not been reviewed before with regard to industrially significant processes, this review will therefore cover the period 1801-1983. Citations from 1801-1975 have been compiled in Swann s bibliography.1 These citation listings were broken down into six indices author, patent, product molecular formula, synonym, product name, and product type. A computer-aided search of Chemical Abstracts and the World Patent Index covered the period 1967-1983. Other sources such as the reviews on heterocyclic electrochemistry by Lund2 and Nelson3 contained useful citations. Nelson s review has a valuable table that summarizes the synthetic work by indexing the parent heterocycle. 

Compilation of a bibliography. Choice of a topic conduct of search report. Government documents (except patents). General indexes production statistics import-export statistics Office of Publication Board reports. 

Patents. C. A. indexes U. S. document indexes analysis of an actual patent. Miscellaneous searches. Dictionary card catalog bibliography on given topic chemical biography review of chemical technology. 

Literature searches are also available from OTS on a fee basis. These are performed to meet special needs which are not covered by a currently available OTS Selective Bibliography. Under this service OTS will compile lists of relevant publications in its collection rf government research reports, unclassified and declassified AEG reports, technical translations, and OTS files of government-owned patents. The fee for this service is 8 per hour, and the customer may limit the time to be spent on a search. Additional information on these searches may be obtained by writing to the Technical Information Division, OflBce of Technical Services, Washington 25, D.G. 

A list of patents has not been given in the bibliography inasmuch as specific searches would be necessary for any project. In selecting articles for the bibliography, an attempt was made to represent the various types of information available. News items, however, have not been cited. Some references are included on processes which have been offered but have never been put into operation and on processes which have been in commercial operation but are currently not being used. Under miscellaneous headings, the specific subject matter is noted after the reference unless the article includes discussion of a number of hydrocarbons or processes. 

A few of the most important U. S. patent classes and subclasses for obtaining information on sulfur compounds obtainable from petroleum are listed below. All those patent subclasses which would yield references to desulfurization have been omitted in view of the excellent coverage of patent abstracts on this subject given in Rakoff s bibliography (201). References to the sulfur compounds themselves may be found by searching many of the patent classes such as 196 for mineral oils, 202 for distillation processes, 183 for gas separations, 210 for liquid separations, and 260 for organic carbon compounds. In this last class are hsted the most important references to the sulfur compounds and for that reason there is included below a selected list of those subclasses which may contain pertinent information on sulfur compounds. 

FIGURE 20.1 Trend in bioelectrochemistry publications. Cumulative research articles including terms fuel cell and enzyme . The search did not include patent literature or citations within document bibliographies. Search completed May 2013 using Google Scholar. 

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