Paraffins, paraffinics

Paraffin (Paraffin wax. Hard paraffin). A mixt of solid hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, obtained from petroleum. Colorl or white somewhat translucent, tasteless, odorless solid greasy feel bums with a luminous flame. 

Oxidation by reaction with oxygen in the air is a major use of paraffins. Paraffins are converted to more reactive compounds called olehns by cracking under pressure at high temperature. 

Non-aromatic hydrocarbons separation (e.g., olefin/paraffin, -paraffin/ non-n-paraffin) ... 

Paraffin —> paraffin + olefin Olefin — olefin + olefin Naphthene — saturate + olefin or olefin + olefin Aromatic —>- aromatic + olefin... 

For desensitization of solid HE s, the usual procedures are to coat them with one or several of the following paraffin, paraffin oil, waxes, stearic acid, stearates, PVAcet (polyvinyl acetate) DNT, etc. W8hler (Ref 3) detd the maximum percentage of paraffin oil which could be incorporated in a HE without making it detonate incompletely. He named this value Phlegmatizier-ungsgrenze (Phlegmatization Limit), which probably may be called Desensitization Coefficient. These values were found to be 6.75% (of paraffin oil) for TNT, 8.25 to 8.75% for Tetryl and 8.25% for PETN. The procedure was as follows ... 

So far in this chapter, you have focussed on gaseous hydrocarbons, such as methane and acetylene. You have examined their heats of combustion and various processes in which they are used. In your everyday life, you may have encountered another type of hydrocarbon paraffins. Paraffins are long chain hydrocarbons. They are semisolid or solid at room temperature. One type of paraffin has been a household item for centuries—paraffin wax, C25H52(s), better known as candle wax. (See Figure 14.25.)... 

Allison et al. prepared the catalyst by decomposing nickel formate in a paraffin-paraffin oil mixture in a vacuum of a water-stream pump.45 The nickel catalyst thus prepared was not pyrophoric, not sensitive to air and chloride, and showed excellent catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of aqueous solutions of aromatic nitro compounds such as the sodium salts of m-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, o-nitrobenzoic acid, and p-nitrophenol at pH 5-6. Sasa prepared an active nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of phenol by decomposing nickel formate in boiling biphenyl [boiling point (bp) 252°C], diphenyl ether (bp 255°C), or a mixture of them (see eq. 11.12)42... 

Paraffin Paraffin wax, hard wax, hard paraffin BP, JP, PhEur, USPNF Melting range 47-65 °C... 

Description In the extractive distillation (ED) process, a single-compound solvent, N-Formylmorpholine (NFM), or NFM in a mixture with further morpholine derivatives, alters the vapor pressure of the components being separated. The vapor pressure of the olefins is lowered more than that of the less soluble paraffins. Paraffinic vapors leave the top of the ED column, and solvent with olefins leaves the bottom of the ED column. 

Waxy Aromatic characteristic of melted paraffin. Paraffin oil... 

Petroleum crude oils can be broadly divided into paraffinic, asphaltic, and mixed crude oils (WHO 1982). Paraffinic crude oils are composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons (paraffins), paraffin wax (longer chain aliphatics), and high grade oils. Naphtha is the lightest of the paraffin fraction, followed by... 

In diagnostic clinical medicine, DNA identification has been applied to investigations of patient tissue specimens obtained during biopsies or autopsies. Because of imaginative adaptations of DNA extraction techniques, the DNA contained in slides and preserved tissue specimens can now be investigated for evidence of infectious or genetic diseases. For example, in situ DNA hybridization is an ultrasensitive technique in which specific DNA probes are applied directly to tissue embedded in paraffin. (Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens are used in microscopic studies. Such slides can be stored... 

Human tissue should be fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and then dehydrated for embedding in paraffin. Paraffin is nonaqueous embedding medium, so the tissue blocks must have the water removed or be dehydrated. Dehydration is done in organic solvents such as alcohol, acetone, xylene, or toluene. After dehydration, the tissue blocks are embedded with liquid (warm) paraffin. When cooled, the wax embedded block is sectioned on a rotary microtome. Before immunocytochemistry can be performed on the resulting tissue sections, they must be rehydrated by processing with the same organic solvents back to water. Thus, the dehydration and rehydration steps are needed before immunohistochemistry. 

Paraffin. Paraffin wax hard paraffin. A mixture of solid hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2a+I, obtained from petroleum. 

Equation 9 may have some theoretical basis, but at best it provides only rough estimates for the ki parameter. Indeed, better results are sometimes obtained when the exponent of the second bracketed quantity is changed to 3. For paraffin-paraffin mixtures only, Chueh and Prausnitz (7) found that... 

Equations 10 (for paraffin-paraffin mixtures) and 11 (for mixtures of inorganic gases, CH4, C2H6, and C2H4) are probably the only reasonably reliable correlations available in the literature for the prediction of kij for nonpolar mixtures. 

Synonyms Hard paraffin Paraffin wax Paraffin waxes Paraffin wax fume Petroleum wax, ciystalline Poly (methylene) wax... 

Normal paraffins Paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent, normal Paraffins (petroleum), normal C5-20... 

Paraffins (petroleum), normal C5-20. See Paraffins, normal C5-20 Paraffinum liquidum. See Mineral oil Paraffin Wax 120/127, Paraffin Wax 130/135] Paraffin Wax 138/140] Paraffin Wax SP173] Paraffin Wax SP 192] Paraffin Wax SP 206] Paraffin Wax SP 227B] Paraffin Wax SP 434] Paraffin Wax SP 673] Paraffin Wax SP 674] Paraffin Wax SP 1275] Paraffin wax Paraffin waxes. See Paraffin Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated. See Paraffin, chlorinated Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (Cl2, 60% chlorine). See Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine) Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C23, 43% chlorine). See Chlorinated paraffins (C23, 43% chlorine) Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline. See Microcrystalline wax Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline, hydrotreated. See Hydrogenated microcrystalline wax Paraffin wax fume. See Paraffin Parafiini A1] Parafiini A2] Parafiint A3] Parafiint A6] Parafiini A14] Parafiini A28] Parafiini APS, Parafiint C8S, Parafiini ... 

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