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Oxidation model

Because of the expanded scale and need to describe additional physical and chemical processes, the development of acid deposition and regional oxidant models has lagged behind that of urban-scale photochemical models. An additional step up in scale and complexity, the development of analytical models of pollutant dynamics in the stratosphere is also behind that of ground-level oxidant models, in part because of the central role of heterogeneous chemistry in the stratospheric ozone depletion problem. In general, atmospheric Hquid-phase chemistry and especially heterogeneous chemistry are less well understood than gas-phase reactions such as those that dorninate the formation of ozone in urban areas. Development of three-dimensional models that treat both the dynamics and chemistry of the stratosphere in detail is an ongoing research problem. [Pg.387]

The cladding oxidation model in dropped nodes is turned off... [Pg.318]

Figure 6.8 S-shaped polarization curve observed in the CO oxidation model (for the exact model parameters, see Koperetal. [2001]). The thin line shows the cyclic voltammetry observed at a low scan rate of 2 mV/ s. Figure 6.8 S-shaped polarization curve observed in the CO oxidation model (for the exact model parameters, see Koperetal. [2001]). The thin line shows the cyclic voltammetry observed at a low scan rate of 2 mV/ s.
G. D. Moggridge, J. P. S. Badyal and R. M. Lambert, X-ray photoelectron spetroscopic characterisation of oxygen surface species on a doubly promoted manganese oxide model planar catalyst significance for CH4 coupling, J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 508. [Pg.120]

Choi, Y.J., Chae, H.J., and Kim, E.Y., Steady-state oxidation model by horseradish peroxidase for the estimation of the non-inactivation zone in the enzymatic removal of pentachlorophenol, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 88, 368-373, 1999. [Pg.685]

This method is also used to measure ex vivo low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. LDL is isolated fresh from blood samples, oxidation is initiated by Cu(II) or AAPH, and peroxidation of the lipid components is followed at 234 nm for conjugated dienes (Prior and others 2005). In this specific case the procedure can be used to assess the interaction of certain antioxidant compounds, such as vitamin E, carotenoids, and retinyl stearate, exerting a protective effect on LDL (Esterbauer and others 1989). Hence, Viana and others (1996) studied the in vitro antioxidative effects of an extract rich in flavonoids. Similarly, Pearson and others (1999) assessed the ability of compounds in apple juices and extracts from fresh apple to protect LDL. Wang and Goodman (1999) examined the antioxidant properties of 26 common dietary phenolic agents in an ex vivo LDL oxidation model. Salleh and others (2002) screened 12 edible plant extracts rich in polyphenols for their potential to inhibit oxidation of LDL in vitro. Gongalves and others (2004) observed that phenolic extracts from cherry inhibited LDL oxidation in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Yildirin and others (2007) demonstrated that grapes inhibited oxidation of human LDL at a level comparable to wine. Coinu and others (2007) studied the antioxidant properties of extracts obtained from artichoke leaves and outer bracts measured on human oxidized LDL. Milde and others (2007) showed that many phenolics, as well as carotenoids, enhance resistance to LDL oxidation. [Pg.273]

However, direct evidence was not presented for the formation of the superoxide radical in the presence of Cu(II) and, as indicated above, the reported observations can be interpreted in terms of the two-electron oxidation model equally well. [Pg.415]

As the reduced tailings continue to de-water and the water table drops, it is expected that oxygen will continue to diffuse deeper into the tailings creating a deepening zone of oxidation. Modeling shows that sulfide-rich tailings with a deep water table can oxidize for centuries (Blowes Jambor 1990). [Pg.349]

The experiments using Sn adatoms are Intended to test for a correlation between the activity of these species as promoters for CO oxidation kinetics and their influence on the CO vibrational spectrum. Watanabe et. al. have proposed an "adatom oxidation" model for the catalytic activity of these adatoms (23). They propose that the function of the Sn adatoms is to catalyze the generation of adsorbed 0 or OH species at a lower potential than would be required on unpromoted Pt (23). The latter species then react with neighboring adsorbed CO molecules to accomplish the overall oxidation reaction. One implication of this proposed mechanism is that the adsorbed adatom is expected to have little, if any, direct interaction with the adsorbed CO reactant partner. Vibrational spectroscopy can be used to test for such an interaction. [Pg.372]

The bottom spectrum was obtained by cycling the electrode in CO-free SnCl /HjSO solution to ensure formation of a partial Sn adlayer and then replacing the cell contents with CO-saturated solution. The v(C0) band is still observed, which shows that the Sn adatoms do not saturate the surface even in the absence of competitive CO adsorption. The intensity and frequency of the v(C0) band have both decreased, which confirms that the CO adlayer is only partially complete. There is no evidence for a change in v(C0) beyond that expected for the coverage dependence expected in acid solution. This shows that there is no strong interaction between adsorbed CO molecules and neighboring Sn adatoms, in support of the assumptions used in the adatom oxidation model discussed above. [Pg.381]

CO2 production time series, 39 88 equation structure, 39 87-88 Kurtanjek s mechanism, 39 91 oxide models, 39 89-92 subsurface oxygen model, 39 90-91 selective, 30 136-137 small organic molecules, chemical identity of adsorbed intermediates, 38 21 states... [Pg.165]

Carmichael, G. R L. K. Peters, and R. D. Saylor, The STEM-II Regional Scale Acid Deposition and Photochemical Oxidant Model. I. An Overview of Model Development and Applications, Atmos. Enciron., 25, 2077-2090 (1991). [Pg.933]

To describe the oxidation kinetics, a reduction—oxidation model is generally accepted. Mars and van Krevelen [204] were the first to apply this model to the benzene oxidation. The overall oxidation rate is expressed by... [Pg.198]

In the following sections, oxidation models for calculating oxide thickness and process variables that influence oxidation, as well as oxide structure, are discussed. [Pg.317]

Oxidation Model of Unsaturated Aliphatic Compounds The same transition complex approach and steady-state assumptions were used to develop the kinetic model of unsaturated chlorinated aliphatic compounds such as trichloroethylene (TCE). The model reflects the effects of H202, Fe2+, and organic compounds on the oxidation kinetics as follows ... [Pg.201]

Gloyna, E.F. and Li, L., Supercritical Water Oxidation Model Development for Selected EPA Priority Pollutants Project Summary, EPA/600/SR-95/080, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1995, pp. 1-4. [Pg.434]

Studies of the structure of passive layers are eventually of technological value only if they can substantially delay the breakdown of that passive layer which is so important to the stability of the metal it protects. As far as the all-important iron and its alloys are concerned, the polymeric oxide model, with the part played by water in putting together the polymer elements, seems to be the most consistent with the facts. In considering its breakdown, one generally discusses this in terms of the effects of Cl" adsorption, but there are other ions (T, Br, SO ) that also cause depassivation. [Pg.213]

Figure 14 presents a schematic illustration of a two-species oxidation model. This model assumes the existence of a desorption precursor configuration, shown in Figure 14c,... [Pg.841]


See other pages where Oxidation model is mentioned: [Pg.151]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.385]    [Pg.206]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.25]    [Pg.200]    [Pg.415]    [Pg.343]    [Pg.222]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.456]    [Pg.167]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.893]    [Pg.938]    [Pg.479]    [Pg.166]    [Pg.561]    [Pg.390]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.413]    [Pg.417]    [Pg.420]    [Pg.507]   


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1.2- Dithiolan-3-one 1-oxides, as model compounds

Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model

Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model ADOM)

Acidic deposition oxidant model

Bismuth molybdate catalyst model propylene oxidation

Bond Graph Modelling of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Catalytic propylene oxidation reaction models

Cerium oxide electronic structure models

Chemical Bonding in Cyclic-cluster Model Local Properties of Composite Crystalline Oxides

Chemical Model of Oxidation

Copper oxidative addition model

Corrosion and oxidation modelling

Detailed Kinetic Model for NO Oxidation

Detailed numerical modelling of alkane oxidation and spontaneous ignition

Diffusion-controlled oxidation molecular models

Electronic states oxide glass modeling

Equivalent circuit model porous oxides

Global Kinetic Model for NO Oxidation

Hemoglobin oxidative addition model

High temperature oxidation of y-NiCrAI modelling and experiments

Hydrous oxide control model

Kinetic modeling oxidation

Large-scale example model of oxidative ATP synthesis

Manganese model oxidation

Mathematical models of diffusion-controlled oxidation

Metal oxide models

Metal-oxide photochemistry, photophysics and modelling

Model CO oxidation

Model Studies of Oxidative Addition in the Rh system

Model alkenes oxidation

Model catalysts carbon monoxide oxidation

Model ethylene partial oxidation

Model formulations oxides

Model hydrocarbon partial oxidation

Model hydrocarbon total oxidation

Model methane oxidative coupling

Model of oxidative phosphorylation

Model propane oxidation

Model propane oxidative dehydrogenation

Model silicon oxidation, discussion

Model studies, sulfur dioxide oxidation

Modeling of Bitumen Oxidation and Cracking Kinetics Using Data from Alberta Oil Sands

Modeling of Drinking Water Oxidation

Modeling of Nitric Oxide (NOx)

Modeling of Waste Water Oxidation

Modeling of the Oxide-Solution Interface

Modeling slurry oxidation

Modelling of Acetaldehyde or Propane Oxidation

Modelling of CO Oxidation

Modelling of Oscillations in CO Oxidation

Models oxidative addition

Nitric oxide animal models

Nitric oxide microcirculation models

Nitric oxide synthase knockout mouse model

Nucleation Models for Oxidation of Conducting Polymers

Oscillatory reactions oxidation/reduction models

Oxidation computational model

Oxidation computer model prediction

Oxidation in oil model systems

Oxidation of lignin model compounds

Oxidation phenylcoumaran models

Oxidation state charge models

Oxidation/reduction models, oscillatory

Oxidative addition model oxygen-binding

Oxidative phosphorylation chemiosmotic model

Oxidative phosphorylation computational model

Oxide CMP Processes—Mechanisms and Models

Oxide catalysts quantum-chemical cluster models

Oxide formation, model

Oxide in model systems

Oxide model systems

Oxide model, mixed-valence

Oxide thermodynamic model

Oxide-solution interface constant capacitance model

Oxide-solution interface diffuse double layer model

Oxide-solution interface electrostatic models

Oxide-solution interface model

Oxide-solution interfaces, theoretical model

Oxidized Poly model compounds

Oxygen evolution reaction surface oxidation model

Oxygen-evolving complex water oxidation model system

Phosphorus oxide structure model

Platinum oxide, transport model

Reaction modeling substrate oxidation

STM Imaging of Oxide Nanolayer Model Systems

Shell Model metal oxides

Silicon oxidation Deal-Grove model

Silicon oxidation model

Solid oxide fuel cells modeling

Sulfite oxidation model

Sulfur dioxide oxidation accuracy of models

Sulfur dioxide oxidation rate model

Surface complexation models oxide-solution interface

The common approach to modelling NADH oxidation

Thermal-Hydraulic Model of a Monolithic Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Water oxidation complex model system

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