Outside-battery-limits

Fig. 14. Outside battery limit (OSBL) equipment spacing. Minimum spacing for off-site equipment is in meters. Classifications of tankage are Class 1 high ha2ard, flash point below 38°C Class 2 low ha2ard, flash point above 38°C. NFPA = National Fine Protection Association. Safety standards are calculated...

Total field cost 3170 2992 Outside battery limits field cost 488 481 452... 

Capital investment costs can be divided into two categories (1) costs that are independent of the location (Inside Battery Limits, ISBL), and (2) costs that are dependent on the location (Outside Battery Limits, OSBL). 

For the Equipment Safety Subindex the process plant area is divided into two different areas, which have different safety properties. The onsite area is the area where the raw materials are converted into the products. This is referred as the inside battery limits area (ISBL). This area is characterized by large number of equipment and piping located in a concentrated way in a small area. The rest of the plant is referred as the offsite or outside battery limits area (OSBL). The offsite area is characterized by large inventories of fluids, which are often flammable and/or toxic. The number of equipment in OSBL area is smaller but their size larger than in the ISBL area. The layout is much more scattered in OSBL than in ISBL which is to enhance safety. 

Outside battery limit (OSBL), 19 494 for equipment spacing, 19 519 Outside processes, in fiber optic fabrication, 11 140-141... 

Because of the wide availability of chlor-alkali technology, it was decided to tender for fixed-price contracts for engineering, procurement and construction of the two chlor-alkali plants. The other areas - namely Outside Battery Limits for both plants and the chlor-paraffin plant in Melbourne - were managed by Orica under separate contracts. The chlor-paraffin plant process design (batch chlorination of paraffin oil and wax) was carried out in-house by Orica. 

Subsequent to awarding the contract for the two chlor-alkali plants to Kvaerner Chemetics, Orica contracted with Kvaerner Process Australia to provide services for the chlor-paraffin plant and Outside Battery Limits activities associated with the new Melbourne site, as this would bring synergies to the total project as well as potential cost savings. 

This is a multiplier , which when applied to the purchase prices of major pieces of chemical process equipment, provides an estimate of the installed cost of the chemical process. b ISBL, inside battery limit. c OSBL, outside battery limit. 

Occurrence Reporting and Processing System Outside Battery Limits... 

Equipment and bulk materials outside battery limit 200 44... 

Outside battery limit (OSBL) defines the work and responsibilities outside the battery limit. The OSBL includes auxiliaries required for the chemical process unit, including tank storage for feedstock and refined products, waste treatment, cooling towers, flares, and utilities that are not included in the battery limit but are required for the unit. Also included are the pipeways, racks, and sleepers, which are used to convey all of the utility s interconnecting process piping to and from the processing facility... 

The investment cost will be given, indicated as ISBL (inside battery limit plant, laboratories, process control system, etc.), OSBL (outside battery limit) or infrastructure costs. It is expected that the OSBL costs for a micro structured reactor plant will be a minor issue as here mainly costs for housing, cooling facilities, etc., are included. 

Garage Yard distribution and facilities (outside battery limits) ... 

Outside-battery-limit lines and facilities must be ready. 

ISBL, inside battery limits OSBL, estimated erected cost. outside battery limits EEC,... 

Outside battery limits or offsite costs. Factory-site (as opposed to process-specific) facilities such as (a) access roads, rail spur lines, paving, unloading and loading facilities (b) utilities facilities... 

An important reason for preparing study reports is to determine the capital expenditure (investment) of a project [Muthmann, 1984, Prinzing 1985, DAdda 1997]. This is made up of the location-independent ISBL (inside battery limits) process plant costs such as investment in the production plant and the associated control rooms, laboratories, employee facilities, tank farms, and loading and unloading stations, as well as the location-dependent OSBL (outside battery limits) costs of all the service facilities. 

Your plant would be situated in an existing complex where much of the infrastructure is available. The following is the situation with the Outside Battery Limit (OBL) components ... 

Based on the described process design, an economic feasibility study has been performed [48]. The total processing costs are calculated from the costs of the process equipment, the chemicals, and the utilities required. In addition, the start-up costs (5% of total fixed capital), maintenance (5% of inside battery limits, a standard term denoting the part of the plant considered), plant overheads (80% of labor costs and 20% maintenance), and capital charges (10 year depreciation) are included in the calculations. As the infrastructure is aheady present at the current polymerization plant, no additional costs are assumed to be incurred outside battery limits. The operators on duty are assumed to handle the extraction process therefore no additional labor costs are made. The purchased costs of the process equipment shown in Table 14.9 were determined using the cost estimation program Chemical Process Equipment Individual Equipment Costing [55]. 

Functional unit methods are statistical methods for cost estimation. The production process is divided into functional units. Every chemical or physical treatment of the process flow is expressed as one functional unit. Each unit is weighted by a factor depending on the process intensity, material, and process conditions like pressure and temperature. The within-battery-limits (w.b.l.) costs, the outside-battery-limits (o.b.l.) costs, and the engineering costs are included. The w.b.l. are process equipment costs. The o.b.l. are the other facilities like storage, transportation, utilities and offices. The calculated investments have, within a 95% confidence level, an accuracy of 40%. 

Charge feedstock/fud and other systems fed from outside battery limits, consistent with appropriate safety precautions H C... 

The economics of the site must be analysed for technical feasibility. The netback is calculated by subtracting the annualised capital and operating costs from the annualised products sales price to set the upper bound of the annualised feedstock cost. If the annualised feedstock market price is less than the netback estimated, the plant will make money. The capital cost is evaluated in terms of the direct (inside and outside battery limits, i.e. ISBL and OSBL) and indirect capital costs. The ISBL comprises the cost of equipment which can be estimated using... 

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