Oxygenated organic compounds, total oxidation

Like for the total oxidation of the low hydrocarbons and oxygenated organic compounds, the chemical composition of the perovskite controls both the activity and the stability. Thus, studies show that although less active, LaMnOs+s is more stable than LaCoOs whatever the chlorinated Cl or C2 compound might be [52]. Although less stable, LaCoOs appear as the most active perovskite (Figure 17.11). 

Only a small fraction of the total free energy content of glucose is released under anaerobic conditions. This is because no net oxidation of organic substrates can occur in the absence of oxygen. Catabolism under anaerobic conditions means that every oxidative event in which electrons are removed from an organic compound must be accompanied... 

Because the petrochemical industry is based on hydrocarbons, especially alkenes, the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce organic oxygenates occupies about 20% of total sales of current chemical industries. This is the second largest market after polymerization, which occupies about a 45% share. Selectively oxidized products, such as epoxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols and acids, are widely used to produce plastics, detergents, paints, cosmetics, and so on. Since it was found that supported Au catalysts can effectively catalyze gas-phase propylene epoxidation [121], the catalytic performance of Au catalysts in various selective oxidation reactions has been investigated extensively. In this section we focus mainly on the gas-phase selective oxidation of organic compounds. 

Method I. Addition of RH to H2 + O2 mixtures at about 750 K This approach has been remarkably successful over the last 30 years with a wide variety of organic compounds. It is, however, limited in its use to pressures between 200-600 Torr and temperatures between 720-800 K. Use of small amounts of the additive (RH) and an aged boric-acid-coated Pyrex vessel permits an investigation of the oxidation of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and related oxygenated compounds in the total absence of surface effects in a constant and controllable radical environment determined almost entirely by the H2 + O2 mixture. Many different RH compounds may then be oxidized under identical conditions. This is in marked contrast to the direct oxidation method where the radical environment is controlled by the oxidant and changes constantly as the intermediates are formed and then oxidized. Two types of experiment are carried out ... 

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