Oral mucosae

A clinical trial to evaluate misoprostol as a protector of normal tissue during a course of XRT in cancer patients suggests a reduction in acute normal tissue injury (215). A randomized, prospective, double-blind study indicates that topical misoprostol, administered as an oral rinse 15-20 min before irradiation using conventional 2-Gy (200 rad) fractions, five days a week over 6—7 weeks, significantly protects the oral mucosa from radiomucositis, a frequently observed normal tissue complication during XRT for head and neck cancer (215). [Pg.497]

Inovay, J. and Banoezy, J. The Role of Electrical Potential Differences in the Etiology of Chronic Diseases of the Oral Mucosa , Journal of Dental Research, 40, 884-890 (1961)... [Pg.467]

HSV is divided into HSV-1, which causes oral, ocular, or facial infections, and HSV-2, which causes genital infection. However, either type can cause disease at either body site. HSV-1 causes painful vesicular lesions in the oral mucosa, face, or around the eyes. HSV-2 or genital herpes... [Pg.120]

An alternative to the oral route is the buccal mucoadhesive system. The Striant buccal system adheres to the inside of the mouth and the testosterone is absorbed through the oral mucosa and delivered to the systemic circulation. There is no first-pass effect, as the liver is bypassed by this route of administration. Patients apply a 30-mg tablet to the upper gum twice daily. The cost is similar to that of the patch or gel. Side effects unique to this dosage form include oral irritation, bitter taste, and gum edema. [Pg.788]

HEENT Slightly icteric sclerae and dry oral mucosa... [Pg.1146]

Detailed physical examination of oral mucosa, sinuses,... [Pg.1469]

When dealing with oral dosage forms, it is important to study the various changes occurring within the oral cavity, particularly if a buccal or sublingual formulation is being considered. Table 7 lists the changes within the oral cavity that have thus far been elucidated [124,127,138-144], It is very important to note that there is a decrease in the capillary blood supply to the oral mucosa. This may make it difficult to predict accurately the absorption rates that will occur when... [Pg.676]

F., Hirsch, J. M., The long term effect of nicotine on the oral mucosa, Addiction 1999, 94, 417-423. [Pg.565]

Ohzawa et al [115] studied the plasma concentration, distribution, and metabolism of 14C miconazole, after application of 14C miconazole gel (10 mg/kg of miconazole) to oral mucosa of male rats. After application, the plasma radioactivity reached the maximum level of 1.82 pg eq./mL at 2 h, and then declined in a similar manner as after oral administration of 14C miconazole. At 1 h after application, high levels of radioactivity were observed in the epidermis of lip, palatum, tongue, and buccal mucosa on the enlarged autoradiograms, and the radioactivity was high in the epidermis of buccal mucosa, while low in the buccal muscle. [Pg.60]

Signs and Symptoms Easily confused with foot-and-mouth disease (C18-A017). Symptoms include fever, ulcers and erosions of the oral mucosa, sloughing of the epithelium of the tongue, and lesions at the mucocutaneous junctions of the lips, chewing movements and drooling (ptyalism), crusting lesions of the muzzle. Blisters, ulcers, and erosion of the coronary bands, and teats. [Pg.584]

Endocarditis prophylaxis is recommended for all dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingival tissue of the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa. [Pg.424]

Contact dermatitis, including on the oral mucosa, may occur. Swallowing of the oral concentrate quickly may decrease problems. [Pg.826]

The function of the mucosal pellicle is to serve as a barrier between the oral epithelial surface and the external environment, and so it may also act as a barrier to drug delivery. However, there are limited studies assessing the role of the mucus layer in buccal permeability. In one study, treatment of the oral mucosa with anticholinergic agents resulted in an increased permeability of certain compounds, and it was suggested that the reduced salivary flow may have been responsible for the reduced barrier properties of the tissue [113]. In... [Pg.92]

There has also been a report regarding the active transport of antibacterial agents in oral mucosa. In a cell line derived from oral epithelium, the uptake of ciprofloxacin and minocycline was not only saturable and inhibited in the presence of other compounds, but the intracellular levels of both antibiotics were 8 10-fold higher than the extracellular levels as well, demonstrating an active transport process [18]. Whether the permeability of these compounds across the entire oral mucosa occurs via an active transport process, however, remains to be determined. [Pg.95]

One of the most common in vivo methods used to assess the permeability of the buccal mucosa is the buccal absorption test of Beckett and Triggs [13]. In this test, a known volume of a drug solution is introduced into the oral cavity of a subject, who swirls it around for a specified period of time and then expels it. The subject then rinses his or her mouth with an aliquot of distilled water or buffer solution, and the expelled drug solution and rinse are combined and analyzed for drug content. The difference between the initial and final drug concentration in the solution is assumed to be the amount of drug taken up into the oral mucosa. [Pg.96]

Adams D (1975) The mucin barrier and absorption through oral mucosa. J Dent Res 54 B19-B26... [Pg.103]

Alfano MC, Drummond JF, Miller SA (1975) Localization of rate-limiting barrier to penetration of endotoxin through nonkeratinized oral mucosa in vitro. J Dent Res 54 1143-1148... [Pg.103]

Alfano MC, Chasens AI, Masi CW (1977) Autoradiographic study of the penetration of radiolabelled dextrans and inulin through non-keratinized oral mucosa in vitro. J Periodontal Res 12 368-377... [Pg.103]

Bergman S, Siegel IA, Ciancio S (1968) Absorption of carbon-14 labeled lido-caine through the oral mucosa. J Dent Res 47 1184... [Pg.104]

Bergman S, Kane D, Siegel IA, Ciancio S (1969) In vitro and in situ transfer of local anaesthetics across the oral mucosa. Arch Oral Biol 14 35 13... [Pg.104]

Chen SY, Squier CA (1984) The ultrastructure of the oral epithelium. In Meyer J, Squier CA, Gerson SJ (eds.) The Structure and Function of Oral Mucosa. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 7-30... [Pg.104]

Collins LMC, Dawes C (1987) The surface area of the adult human mouth and thickness of the salivary film covering the teeth and oral mucosa. J Dent Res 66 1300-1302... [Pg.104]

Kurosaki Y, Hisaichi S, Nakayama T, Kimura T (1989a) Enhancing effect of l-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (Azone) on the absorption of salicylic acid from keratinized oral mucosa and the duration of enhancement in vivo. Int J Pharm 51 47-54... [Pg.106]

Kurosaki Y, TakatoriT, KitayamaM, Nakayama T, Kimura T (1988b) Application of propranolol to the keratinized oral mucosa Avoidance of first-pass elimination and the use of 1 -dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (Azone) as an absorption enhancer of bioadhesive film-dosage form. J Pharmacobiodyn 11 824—832... [Pg.106]

Kurosaki Y, Hisaichi SI, Hong LZ, Nakayama T, Kimura T (1989b) Enhanced permeability of keratinized oral-mucosa to salicylic acid with 1 -dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (Azone) In vitro studies in hamster cheek pouch. Int J Pharm 49 47-55... [Pg.106]

Lesch CA, Squier CA, Cruchley A, Williams DM, Speight P (1989) The permeability of human oral mucosa and skin to water. J Dent Res 68 1345-1349... [Pg.106]

Schumann W, Turner P (1978) Membrane model of the human oral mucosa as derived from buccal absorption performance and physicochemical properties of the beta-blocking drugs atenolol and propranolol. J Pham Pharmacol 30 137-147... [Pg.108]

Selvaratnam L, Cruchley AT, Navsaria H, Wertz PW, Hagi-Pavli EP, Leigh IM, Squier CA, Williams DM (2001) Permeability barrier properties of oral ker-atinocyte cultures A model of intact human oral mucosa. Oral Dis 7 252-258... [Pg.108]

Siegel IA, Gordon HP (1985a) Effects of surfactants on the permeability of canine oral mucosa in vitro. Toxicol Lett 26 153-157... [Pg.109]

Siegel IA, Gordon HP (1985b) Surfactant-induced increases of permeability of rat oral mucosa to non-electrolytes in vivo. Arch Oral Biol 30 43 17... [Pg.109]

Siegel IA, Gordon HP (1986) Surfactant-induced alterations of permeability of rabbit oral mucosa in vitro. Exp Mol Path 44 132-137... [Pg.109]

Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...