Genital infection

HSV is divided into HSV-1, which causes oral, ocular, or facial infections, and HSV-2, which causes genital infection. However, either type can cause disease at either body site. HSV-1 causes painful vesicular lesions in the oral mucosa, face, or around the eyes. HSV-2 or genital herpes... 

In comparison with gonorrhea, chlamydial genital infections are more frequently asymptomatic, and when present, symptoms tend to be less noticeable. Table 46-7 summarizes the usual clinical presentation of chlamydial infections. 

Therapeutic implications of HSV-1 versus HSV-2 genital infection Complications... 

Initial genital infection in individuals lacking antibody to either HSV-1 or HSV-2... 

Initial genital infection in individuals with clinical or serologic evidence of prior HSV (usually HSV-1) infection Appearance of genital lesions at some time following healing of first-episode infection... 

Trichomoniasis is a genital infection produced by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Infections frequently are asymptomatic in the male, whereas in the female vaginitis characterized by a frothy pale yellow discharge is common. Relapses occur if the infected person s sexual partner is not treated simultaneously. 

Indications Respiratory infections Bone and joint infection Skin and skin structure infection Urinary tract infection Biliary tract infection Genital infection Septicemia Endocarditis Intra-abdominal infection Surgical prophylaxis Empiric therapy for febrile neutropenic patients... 

Slattery ML, Overall JC Jr, Abbott TM, French TK, Robison LM, Gardner J. Sexual activity, contraception, genital infections, and cervical cancer support for a sexually transmitted disease hypothesis. Am J Epidemiol 1989 130(2) 248-58. 

Merriman, H., et al. 1984. Secretory IgA antibody in cervicovaginal secretions from women with genital infection due to herpes simplex virus. J Infect Dis 149 505. 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcus) Arthritis-dermatitis syndrome genital infections Ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxime, or cefpodoxime. Ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin... 

Herpesviruses are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, e.g., cold sores, viral encephalitis, and genital infections, the latter being a hazard to the newborn during parturition. The drugs that are effective against these viruses exert their actions during the acute phase of viral infections and are without effect in the latent phase. Except for foscar-net, all are purine or pyrimidine analogs that inhibit viral DNA synthesis. 

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-placebo, parallel-design study of immunocompetent patients with recurrent HSV genital infections showed no significant difference between oral famciclovir and oral acyclovir in time to complete healing, resolution of symptoms, or frequency, type, and severity of adverse events (Chosidow et al.). 

CT and GC will be discussed together since several of the available nucleic acid tests for these pathogens are multiplex assays. Though both CT and GC can cause a variety of cflnical infections, we will focus on genital infections. 

Jackson TFHG, Gathiram V. Intestinal and genital infections Amebiasis. In Strickland GT, ed. Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infections, 8th ed. Philadelphia, Saunders, 2000 577-588. 

Jones RB, Batteiger BE. Chlamydia trachomatis (trachoma, perinatal infections, lymphogranuloma venereum, and other genital infections). In Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed. New York, Churchill-Livingstone, 2000 1989-2004. 

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