Ocean-atmosphere

A number of current coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models predict that the overturning of the North Atlantic may decrease somewhat under a future warmer climate.While this is not a feature that coupled models deal with well, its direct impact on the ocean s sequestration of carbon would be to cause a significant decline in the carbon that is stored in the deep water. This is a positive feedback, as oceanic carbon uptake would decline. Flowever, the expansion of area populated by the productive cool water plankton, and the associated decline... 

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions. To determine how the ocean responds to a C02-induced climate forcing, it will be necessary to develop a combined ocean and atmospheric general circulation model. It will take 10-20 years to develop a model with appropriate chemistry and biology to the level of confidence necessary to make valid projections. In the interim, two approaches can be pursued in parallel with this model development. 

Broecker, W. S. and Denton, G. H. (1989). The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganization in glacial cycles. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53,2465-2510. 

Carbon is released from the lithosphere by erosion and resides in the oceans ca. 10 years before being deposited again in some form of oceanic sediment. It remains in the lithosphere on the average 10 years before again being released by erosion (Broecker, 1973). The amount of carbon in the ocean-atmosphere-biosphere system is maintained in a steady state by geologic processes the role of biological processes is, however, of profound importance... 

Future emissions and concentration of carbon dioxide Key ocean/atmosphere/land analyses. Tech. Pap. 31, Div. of Atmos. Res., Comm. Sci. and Ind. Res. Org., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 

Part of the requirement for interdisciplinary efforts in ocean-atmosphere... 

The previous model setup included an identical horizontal resolution for ocean and atmosphere, and online coupling was implemented in the ECHAM submodel with an exchange rate of 3 hours. In the current model setup atmosphere and ocean are coupled online using the Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Soil (OASIS) coupler [Valcke et al (2004)] with a coupling time step of one day. OASIS passes boundary condi-... 

In this study a ten year model simulation with the fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM [Roeckner et al (2003), Marsland et al (2003), Maier-Reimer et al (2005), Lammel et al (2001)] was performed. The insecticide DDT was chosen because it is one of the most studied of all synthetic organic chemicals and because of its physicochemical properties. It has a low water solubility, high lipid solubility and it is semi-... 

Jurado E (2006) Modelling the ocean atmosphere exchanges of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). PhD thesis, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Jurado E, Zaldvar JM, Marinov D, Dachs J (2007) Fate of persistent organic pollutants in the water column Does turbulent mixing matter Mar Poll Bull 57 441 151 Kissa E (2001) Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents. Marcel Dekker Inc. 

Chapter 5 introduces the equations that describe equilibrium between dissolved species of carbon in the ocean. The carbon system is central to so many aspects of ocean, atmosphere, and sedimentary rocks that I wish to make available a general method of solution. This chapter also introduces several housekeeping routines that I have found useful. Examples are routines to read files of specifications, including initial values, to write... 

Figure 7.15 A simple ocean-atmosphere-continent system. Pressure of C02 enhances Ca release from the continental crust (which is assumed to be made of CaSi03) and controls the depth of calcite saturation. Calcite precipitation is therefore controlled by the hypsometric curve, equation (7.4.8), and Pco2-...

The ocean-atmosphere system contains 35 x 10i5kgC, only 2 percent of which resides in the atmosphere (Berner and Berner, 1987). 

Figure 7.16 Medium-term response of the model described in Figure 7.15 to a sudden increase by 2 percent of the total amount of oxidized carbon in the ocean-atmosphere system. Ca (top) and Z(C02) (bottom) in the ocean.

Siever, R. (1968), "Sedimentological Consequences of a Steady-State Ocean-Atmosphere", Sedimentology 11,5. 

THE CRUSTAL-OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE FACTORY AND GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES... 

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