Terrestrial ocean atmosphere ecosystem model

The most common way in which the global carbon budget is calculated and analyzed is through simple diagrammatical or mathematical models. Diagrammatical models usually indicate sizes of reservoirs and fluxes (Figure 1). Most mathematical models use computers to simulate carbon flux between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, and between oceans and the atmosphere. Existing carbon cycle models are simple, in part, because few parameters can be estimated reliably. 

It is now universally accepted that chemicals of commerce and those that may be formed inadvertently by processes such as combustion should be subjected to evaluation for their possible adverse effects on humans, the environment, and its various ecosystems. Earth surface processes are continually active with atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial media forces that foster chemical mobilization with long-range chemical transport within continental land masses, across the oceans, and on a global scale between the hemispheres. Monitoring data from remote locations provide evidence of this transport and these assertions are confirmed by the theoretical results of a variety of multimedia chemical fate and transport models. At the local level, the other geographic extreme, chemical sources are more intense and the pathways shorter and the impacts are therefore more severe. Anthropogenic substances have been mobilized and now exist in every nook, cranny, and recess of the physical environment and within many biological species. 

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