Nylon description

The nylons (polyamides) are made by way of a chemical reaction between acids and amines. There are several different amine and acid starting points. The numerical suffix in a nylon description denotes the number of carbon atoms in the reacting chemicals a single number indicates that the acid and amine are present in the same molecule. 

Caprolactam Extraction. A high degree of purification is necessary for fiber-grade caprolactam, the monomer for nylon-6 (see Polyamides). Cmde aqueous caprolactam is purified by solvent extractions using aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene as the solvent (233). Many of the well-known types of column contactors have been used a detailed description of the process is available (234). 

French et al, Descriptions And Requirements For Explosive, Nylon Plastic-Bonded Molding Powder PBXN-1 , NAVORD Syst Command, OS11632A (1968) 51) EE. Kilmer, Heat... 

The reinforcement of rubbers using nylon, rayon, vinyl, and polyester fibers was reported by various authors [10,58,73-75]. Because of the design flexibility and suitable end-use applications, high-performance fibers such as glass, carbon, and aramid also find extensive applications in short fiber-reinforced mbbers. A brief description of some of the major high-performance fibers commonly used in short fiber-rubber composites is given below ... 

In this section a short description of a comparison between experimental and simulation results for heat transfer is illustrated (Nijemeisland and Dixon, 2001). The experimental set-up used was a single packed tube with a heated wall as shown in Fig. 8. The packed bed consisted of 44 one-inch diameter spheres. The column (single tube) in which they were packed had an inner diameter of two inches. The column consisted of two main parts. The bottom part was an unheated 6-inch packed nylon tube as a calming section, and the top part of the column was an 18-inch steam-heated section maintained at a constant wall temperature. The 44-sphere packed bed fills the entire calming section and part of the heated section leaving room above the packing for the thermocouple cross (Fig. 8) for measuring gas temperatures above the bed. 

Because of its extremely low solubility in low-boiling and inexpensive organic solvents, nylon 66 required a new technique for converting the solid polymer into fibers hence the development of melt spinning, the third basic method for producing manufactured fibers. The following description refers essentially to nylon 66 because it was the first to use the method, but the process applies, in general, to all melt-spun manufactured fibers. 

The oxidation of cyclohexanone by nitric acid leads to the generation of nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrous oxide. The first two gases can be recycled for the synthesis of nitric acid. Nitrous oxide, however, is an ozone depleter and cannot be recycled. Indiscriminate nitrous oxide emission from this process is therefore the cause of considerable concern. As shown by 8.9, part of the cyclohexanone can also be converted to the corresponding oxime and then to caprolactam—the monomer for nylon 6. Phthalic acids are one of the monomers for the manufacture of polyesters. As shown by Eq. 8.10, it is made by the oxidation of p-xylene. A general description of polyamides (nylons) and polyesters are given in Section 8.4. 

Figure 3. Uniaxial deformation behavior of a thin film PP-nylon composite. See text for the description of the sequence.

Nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 are two commercially produced polyamides. How are they synthesized and how do their chemical repeat units differ (Note you won t find a description of the synthesis of nylon 6 in the book. Check other sources )... 

An early published example of reactive processing was a description of bulk polymerization of caprolactam in an extruder to give nylon-6.Intense activity in recent years, mostly in industrial laboratories and at extruder companies, has produced more than 600 patents and 60 published papers on the subject of... 

This chapter is not a comprehensive description of thermoplastics because those readings are abundant in the literature. This chapter aims at a brief description of plastic properties directly related to behavior of wood-plastic composites and at a comparison of these properties for thermoplastics currently used in making WPC. Besides, this comparison is extended to Nylon and ABS as prospective—apparently—plastics for future brands of WPC possessing superior properties. 

General Description Nylon is a generic name for a family of long-chain polyamide engineering thermoplastics which have recurring amide groups [-CO-NH-] as an integral part of the main polymer chain. The nylon family members are identified by the number of carbon atoms in the monomers. Where two monomers are involved, the polymer will carry two numbers (e.g., nylon 66). Commercial nylons are as follows nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 6/10,nylon 6/12, nylon 11,and nylon 12. 

General Description DuPont Selar PA is an amorphous nylon (polyamide [PA]) resin that exhibits superior transparency good barrier properties to gases, water, solvents, and essential oils and high-temperature structural properties.P ]... 

General Description Nylon 6 provides an excellent barrier to oils and fats and does not absorb or transmit most flavors. Factors limiting the use of nylon 6 in packaging are processing difficulties and... 

General Description Honeywell Plasties Capron offers materials combining the benefits of both nylon 6 and nylon 66. Capron 6/66 possesses the combination of strength and toughness associated with nylon 6/66 as well as excellent heat, chemical, and abrasion resistance.f ]... 

General Description EMS Chemie Grilon BM 20 SBG is a nylon copolymer, film-grade resin developed for coextruded film structures requiring a very clean polymer,... 

General Description Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) resin is a copolymer of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with vinyl chloride or other monomers and is used as a coating over DuPont Teijin Films Mylar films. Enhance Packaging Technologies Sclairfihn BL LLDPE Film, Dartek B-601 and B-602, nylon 66, and PVDC coated nylon. The PVDC coating provides the film with excellent oxygen-and moisture-barrier properties. 

General Description Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymers are an important component of high-barrier, multilayered packaging materials. They can be easily coextruded with nylons, but coextrusion with polyolefins, polyesters, and polycarbonates requires use of adhesives in which the layers are structured as follows base film, adhesive, EVOH, adhesive, and heat sealant. 

Several different approaches to microarray construction have been developed, including oligonucleotide- or DNA-based arrays on glass slides or nylon membranes (10). Here, we describe a robust CGH protocol based on the use of a PCR-generated microarray (6). Detailed descriptions of genomic DNA template preparation, labeling, microarray hybridization, and data analysis are provided. 

For an account of its discovery, the strange origin of its name, and a description of its properties and many uses, see the article by G. B. Kauffman in /. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 803-808. Also see Matthew E. Hermes s biography Enough for One Lifetime Wallace Carothers, Inventor of Nylon, 1996, ACS/Chemical Heritage Foundation. 

Nylon CJeneric description of a polyamide, including nylon-6 (polycapro-... 

More than 60% of nylon is used in injection-molding applications. About 55% of this use is in the transportation industries, and most of this use is concerned with automobile production. Table 6 shows the split of applications for which nylon was used worldwide in 1998 (3). Descriptions of uses for polyamides, split into the principal application areas are given below. 

At the current time, almost all HCN is produced on a large scale using one of two methods the Andrussow process or the Degussa process (see descriptions below). In addition to nylon manufacture, HCN is used for synthesis of many specialty chemicals. Companies, such as DuPont, currently supply the HCN for these processes via transport of HCN in... 

Most thermoplastics are made up of molecules with backbones consisting of a linear chain of carbon-to-carbon links. This description fits bulk polymers like polyethylene and engineering plastics like nylons it also fits the fluoropolymer PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene), an extreme case, where the chains are so compact and so long that the material cannot be melted and must be processed by sintering. 

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