Nutritional inks

The solvents which can be used for nutritional inks are volatile solvents of low viscosity in order to make possible the very rapid drying of the markings and to adjust the viscosity to the desired value, for example, from 2-10 mPa s, and not to remain in an infinitesimal amoimt in the markings, such as acetone or ethanol. 

Binders which are soluble in nutritional inks are in particular cellulose derivatives, such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose or sodium salts of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone. 

In general terms these problems are not unlike those encountered in the manufacture of other colloidal products such as paints, face creams, and printing inks and toners, for example. The difference, of course, is that the inks and toners are hardly appetizing and one seldom cares about how they taste (Of course, physical stability alone does not determine the taste or the worthiness of a food product. Chemical reactions play a role in taste and in determining the structure, and other considerations such as nutritional value and esthetic appeal may also apply.)... 

Ink SL and Henderson LM (1984) Vitamin Be metaboiism. Annual Reviews of Nutrition 4, 455-70. 

Many species in the Europhorbiaceae and Labiatae families produce seeds with a high content of oil and contribution of hnolenic acid of up to 76% (1). Flaxseed has been used for years in the production of paints, varnishes, inks, and linoleum. In food applications, flaxseed is more often used than oil because of its better stability and because of the presence of fiber, lignans, and a-linolenic acid (ALA), which have health benefits. Cold pressed flaxseed oil is not considered suitable for deep-frying, although Chinese use it in stir-frying (2). In this chapter, oilseeds of flax, perilla, camelina, and chia are discussed as sources of oils with elevated content of ALA. These oilseeds are produced in industrial quantities and can be considered as potential sources of new oils with specific nutritional and functional properties. 

Pollution caused by heavy metals is now a worldwide phenomenon. Among the many heavy metals, lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) are of most concern, although the last three metals are essential nutrients in animal and human nutrition. These metals are widely used in industry, particularly in metal-working or metalplating, and in such products as batteries and electronics. They are also used in the production of jewelry, paint pigments, pottery glazes, inks, dyes, rubber, plastics, pesticides, and even in medicines. These metals enter the environment wherever they are produced, used, and ultimately discarded. 

OTHER COMMENTS used in the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds ingredient of photographic development accelerator, for drying of printing inks, and in carpet cleaners used as a corrosion inhibitor and as an accelerator for rubber used as a catalytic solvent in chemical synthesis also used in the desalination of seawater use in non-nutritive sweeteners, ketenes, and salts. 

Uses Sequestrant in wine and vinegar prod. calcium source in pharmaceuticals and nutrition source of phytic acid and its salts treatment for iron-gall ink corrosion in colloids for diagnostic pharmaceuticals (liver/spleen imaging)... 

Ext. D C. Colorants not certifiable for use in oral products but considered safe for use in externally applied products specifically excludes colorants that may have oral toxicity, extender. A low-gravity material used in paint, ink, plastic, and rubber products to reduce cost per volume by increasing bulk. Some example of extenders are diatomaceous earth, wood floe, mineral rubber, etc. In the food industry, soybean is used as an extender in meat products, providing equivalent nutritional value at a lower cost, extract. A product derived from vegetable matter by the application of solvents, heat or pressure to separate it from the other constituent parts, extraction. The process of treating a natural raw material with an organic solvent. The solvent portion containing the extracted material is filtered and the solvent removed. The extract will contain nonvolatile as well as volatile components. Oleoresins, resinoids, concretes, and absolutes are all produced by extraction. 

Nutritional (dietary, edible, ingestible) ink compositions for human beings or animals comprise only nutritional ingredients (50). Such ink compositions are particularly suitable for the marking of foodstuffs and other products capable of being ingested, such as pharmaceuticals, medicaments or others. 

P. De Saint-Romain, Ingestible or nutritional liquid ink composition for ink jet printing, US Patent 8167 990, assigned to Markem-Imaje (Bourg-les-Valence, FR), May 1, 2012. 

Spirulina Human nutrition (protein/ Hnolenic acid) China, India, USA, Japan, Myanmar 3000 Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. 

Spitulina has been used for human nutrition for many years due to its high protein content and other nutrition value. In particular, this alga contains linolenic acid, an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. Annual production of Spitulina has been estimated to be around 3000 tons (Table 2.8).The latest producer is DIG Corporation (formerly Dainip-pon Ink and Chemicals), which is also the world s first company to produce Spitulina at commercial scales (http //www.dlt-spl.co.jp/business/en/spirulina/).This company has two sites for Spitulina production. One is in Hainan (People s Republic of China) and another one, Earthrise Farms, in California (USA). Aimual production for these two plants is 450 and 350 tons/year, respertively. Other notable producers are Cyanotech in Hawaii (USA) and Myanmar Spirulina Factory in Yangon, Myanmar. Spitulina requires high pH and bicarbonate concentration for growth. This selective requirement makes its commercial produaion easier since other microalgal strains cannot tolerate such harsh environmental conditions. 

M. J.C. Kextrenhof and J, G. Timmer, Stability of total parenteral nutrition supplied, is all-in-one for children with chemotherapy-1 inked hyperhydration. Phami. Week-blad Sci. EtU 14 50-.54. 1992. 

This reaction, with its formation of a milky precipitate, is the basis of a simple test for carbon dioxide. Commercially, the reaction is important as a method of preparing precipitated calcium carbonate, a pure form of the finely divided compound. An important use of precipitated calcium carbonate is as a filler for paper. (The purpose of a filler is to improve the paper s characteristics, such as brightness and inking ability.) Precipitated calcium carbonate is also used in toothpowders, antacids, and nutritional supplements (Figure 22.14). 

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