Norway Statistics

In 1990, Vatten et al.51 in Norway subsequently reviewed data on breast cancer risk from a cohort of 14,593 women with 152 cases of breast cancer during a follow up of 12 years on subjects who were between 35 and 51 years old at the beginning of the study and between 46 and 63 years at the end. They reported no overall statistically significant correlation between breast cancer and coffee consumption, but when body mass index was taken into account, lean women who consumed >5 cups per day had a lower risk than women who drank two cups or less. In obese women, however, there was a positive correlation between coffee intake and breast cancer. In a 1993 study, though, Folsom and associates52 failed to find an association between caffeine and postmenopausal breast cancer in 34,388 women in the Iowa Women s Health Study, with a median caffeine intake of 212 mg/day in women who developed breast cancer and 201 mg/day for women who did not and in Denmark, Ewertz53 studied... 

In 1980, a complete census was conducted in Norway including data on the building stock. The census was conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics, and the data on building stock are available in a suitable form. (Norwegian Central Bureau of Statistics, personal ccnmunicaticn.)... 

ONSAGER, LARS (1903-1976). A Norwegian chemist who won the Nobel pnze for chemistry in 1968. He studied and wrote on the theory of electrolytic conduction and theory of dielectrics. He also worked with stiperfluids and crystal statistics and reciprocal relations in irreversible processes. After receiving his doctorate in Norway, he came to the U.S. and became a citizen. See also Dielectric Theory. 

K. Esbensen and S. Wold, in Proc. Symp. Applied Statistics, Stavanger, Norway (1983) pp. 11-36. 

Since Scandinavia is electrically interconnected, variations in rainfall in Norway and Sweden lead to large variations in Danish electricity imports and exports. Danish energy statistics therefore operate with corrected as well as actual emissions. The corrected emissions are calculated using zero electricity exchange as a basis. 

Another important parameter for the total emission estimate is the total production or consumption of the various sources. It is the product of the relative emission factor and the production or consumption capacity that finally show the emission severity of the source, B sed on statistical data and the relative emission factors given previously, total PAH emissions are calculated for the US, Sweden and Norway (Table 7). In the following, these data will be discussed. 

The first section of this study provides an overview of the environmental benefits of clothing recycling and reuse. This is followed by a discussion that defines disposal and how the term is used in this chapter. The statistics for the current situation in Norway for the end-of-life textiles and clothing are presented, followed by a short overview of the literature on clothing disposal practices. Then the two methods that are employed, a wardrobe study and a survey, are presented, followed by results on disposal methods and frequencies. Finally, the implications of the present study are discussed, and suggestions for policy measures and future research directions are suggested. 

About 113,000 tons of textile waste was generated in Norway in 2011, which equals 23 kg per capita (Statistics Norway, 2013). This is close to the average amount of textile waste generated in the EU-27, which is 26 kg per capita (Laitala et al., 2012). The largest portion (42%) of the Norwegian textile waste originated from households, 9.7 kg/capita, followed by service industries (31%). Clothing and footwear constitutes principal parts of this, about 57%, followed by upholstery textiles and household products (30%). The amount of textile waste from private households has increased from 29,000 tons in 1995 to 52,000 tons in 2010, which is almost an 80% increase in 15 years. 

Statistics Norway, 2012. Table 08812 External Trade in Goods, by Commodity Group (Two-Digit SrrC), Country and Mode of Transport (Tonnes) (1989—2011). SSB. 

Statistics Norway, 2013. Stprre avfaUsmengder og mer gjenvinning (Increased Amounts of Waste and More Recycling). Oslo. 

Changes in agricultural practices and forestry may contribute to a soil acidification and probably to acidification of surface waters in some areas. However, available statistics on land use in some of the most affected regions in Southern Norway show that such changes cannot be the most important reason for the regional acidification in the studied area. 

The World Health Statistics Annual (WHO, 1978) indicates a distinct geographical distribution of cardiovascular disease incidence, with Sweden, Scotland, Denmark, USA, England and Wales, Ireland, Finland, Austria, Norway and Australia being the top ten and with Costa Rica, Japan, Hong Kong, Phillipines, Mexico, Equador, Dominican Republic, Martinique, Honduras and Thailand being the bottom ten, in their incidence rates of atherosclerosis-related deaths, out of the 48 countries listed. 

The Wall Street Journal reviewed statistics from four countries with large offshore oil industries and modem regulatory systems the United States, Great Britain, Norway, and Australia. (A fifth, Brazil, declined to make its data available.) Each country uses different approaches to measure losses of well control or spills, but they reveal a similar trend. 

It is very difficult to compare the amounts of waste plastics generated in different countries. The methodologies used to obtain the statistics are different and dates of publications vary. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) consists of Austria, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkiye and the United States. OECD countries produced a total of 420 millions tons of municipal waste per year ( late 80s ),[3]. If one assumes that 8% of that waste is plastic the total amount of plastics in the municipal solid waste is 34 million tons. If that material was worth only 0.10 per kilogram, the total value would be around 3.4 billion. 

In an analysis of data from the Mother and Child Cohort study in Norway, where foods are not fortified, wheezing and lower respiratory tract infections during the first 18 months of life were examined in 32 077 children born between 2000 and 2005 in relation to maternal reported intake of folic acid 400 mg/day and cod liver oil 5 ml/day [29 , 30" ]. The relative risks in the infants of mothers who took folate supplements during the first trimester were 1.06 (95% Cl = 1.03, 1.10) for wheezing, 1.09 (95% Cl = 1.02, 1.15) for lower respiratory tract infections, and 1.24 (95% Cl = 1.09, 1.41) for hospitalization associated with lower respiratory tract infections. Although small, these relative risks were statistically significant. 

K. Handa and K. Anderson, "Application of Finite Element Methods in the Statistical Analysis of Structures," in Proceedings, Third International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, pp. 409-417, Trondheim, Norway, June 1981. 

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