Nanoparticles uptake

Trehin R, Figueiredo JL, Pittet MJ, Weissleder R, Josephson L, Mahmood U (2006) Fluorescent nanoparticle uptake for brain tumor visualization. Neoplasia 8 302-311. 

Jani, P., Halbert, G.W., Langridge, J., Florence, A.T. (1990) Nanoparticle uptake by the rat gastrointestinal mucosa quantitation and particle size dependency. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 42, 821-826. 

L.K. Limbach et al., Oxide nanoparticle uptake in human lung fibroblasts Effects of particle size, agglomeration, and diffusion at low concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 9370-9376 (2005)... 

Ma X, Wu Y, Jin S, Tian Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Yu L, Liang XJ (2011) Gold nanoparticles induce autophagosome accumulation through size-dependent nanoparticle uptake and lysosome impairment. ACS Nano 5(ll) 8629-8639... 

Lesniak A, Salvati A, Santos-Martinez M, Radomski M, Dawson K, Aberg C (2013) Nanoparticle adhesion to the cell membrane and its effect on nanoparticle uptake efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 135(4) 1438-1444... 

Lesniak A, Fenaroli F, Monopoli MP, Oberg C, Dawson KA, Salvati A (2012) Effects of the presence or absence of a protein corona on silica nanoparticle uptake and impact on cells. ACS Nano 6(7) 5845-5857... 

Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. Nano Lett 6(4) 662-668... 

Florence AT. Nanoparticle uptake by the oral route fulfilling its potential Drug Discov Technol 2005 2 75-81. 

Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from murine bone marrow were applied in a study designed to evaluate the molecular toxicity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Remya et al., 2014). Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (50 nm) were used to study the cytotoxicity, nanoparticle uptake, effect on cytoskeletal arrangement, oxidative stress response and apoptotic behaviour with the confluent cells as per standard protocols. The results of the MTT assay indicated that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles do not induce cytotoxicity up to 800 pg ml-1. It was also observed that apoptosis related to oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production following nanoparticle treatment was comparable to that of the control (cells without treatment). Hence, it can be concluded that mesenchymal stem cell in vitro cultures can be used as a model to evaluate the potential toxicity of nanomaterials. 

Figure 1 Uptake of PLGA nanoparticles containing tetramethylrhodamine-labeled dextran by monocyte-derived human immature DCs in culture. DC surface was labeled FITC-labeled concanavalin and shows veiling on the cell membrance (A). Pretreatment of cells with cytochalasin B resulted in inhibition of the nanoparticle uptake (C) whereas placebo treated cells showed strong uptake (B). ) (From Ref 125.)...

Fig. 7 Dual reporter nanoparticles uptake of magnetic/fluoiescent nanoparticles with different acrylic acid contents (leading to different caiboxylic surface densities) as detected by confocal microscopy (HeLa cells) and FACS measurements (different cell lines) the magnetite content was measured for PLL-coated nanoparticles in comparison with covalently coupled lysine (Lys) nanoparticles [38]...

Davda J, Labhasetwar V. Characterization of nanoparticle uptake by endotbebal cells. IntJPharm, 2002, 233(1-2), 51-9. 

Chithrani, B. D. Ghazani, A. A. Chan, W. C. W. Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. Nano Lett., 2006, 6(4), 662 68. 

In nature, endocytic pathways depend on the physical and chemical properties of molecules such as size, charge and shape. The net charge on nanoparticles can affect their cell entry capabilities. Several studies show that cationic nanoparticle uptake by different cell lines is easier than for anionic nanoparticles. The better uptake of cationic nanoparticles may be due to the electrostatic interaction with the cell membrane, because the plasma membrane has a negative surface charge due to the bilayer phospholipid chains (see Figure 11.2). 

Malmo et al have investigated whether siRNA-mediated silencing of P-gp can lead to improved drug delivery in an in vitro BBB model. The siRNA-chitosan nanoparticle uptake and transfection efficiency in RBE4 cells were... 

Laboratory nanoparticles that have been labeled by fluorescence, radioactivity, or rare elements have provided important information regarding nanoparticle uptake and translocation, but most nanomaterials that are commercially produced for industrial and consumer applications do not contain a specific label. 

Most nanoparticle uptake and translocation research has quantified nanoparticles in vivo using some type of unique particle label. For example, nanoparticle laboratory studies have included radioactive particles [4], trace metals such as gold and iridium [7], and fluorescent particles [8]. However, the population exposures most relevant to health involve the emissions or deliberate release of high-production-volume manufactured nanomaterials and exposures to incidental nanoparticles, such as soot. Combustion emissions and manufactured powders such as fumed silica, ultraflne titanium dioxide (Ti02), and similar industrial materials rarely have a unique and easily detected label. 

Trehin, R., Figueiredo, J., Pettet, M., Weissleder, R., Josephson, L., Mahmood, U. Fluorescent Nanoparticle Uptake for Brain Tumor Visualization. Neoplasia. 8(4), 302-311 (2006)... 

Samuel, S.P., Jain, N., O Dowd, F., Paul, T., Kashanin, D., Gerard, V.A., Gun ko, Y.K., Prina-Mello, A., Volkov, Y. Multifactorial determinants that govern nanoparticle uptake by human endothelial cells under flow. Int. J. Nanomedicine 7, 2943-2956... 

Hsu SH, Ho TT, Tseng TC (2012) Nanoparticle uptake and gene transfer efficiency for MSCs on chitosan and chitosan-hyaluronan substrates. Biomaterials 33 3639-3650... 

Connor, E. E. Mwamuka, J. Gole, A. Murphy, C. J. Wyatt, M. D. Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity. Small 2005,1,325-327. Chithrani, B. D. Ghazani, A. A. Chan, W. C. W. Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells. Nano Lett. 2006, 6, 662-668. 

G. Ruan et ah, Imaging and tracking of tat peptide-conjugated quantum dots in living cells new insights into nanoparticle uptake, intracellular transport, and vesicle shedding. /. Am. Chem. Soc., 129(47), 14759-14766 (2007). 

The effect of end-modification on nanoparticle uptake was also considered using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) to quantify plasmid uptake. DNA uptake can vary over two orders of magnitude and end-modified PBAEs with terminal amines have the highest levels of internalization. Uptake varied by functional group in a manner similar to overall gene delivery efficacy, -NH2 > -OH > -alkyl chain (C32-106 > C32-36 > C32-52). 

Recently, the influence of size, shape, and surface chemistry of nanoparticle systems on drug delivery performance and modalities like blood circulation time, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, targeting ability, and internalization have been comprehensively reviewed and outlined by Petros and DeSimone [107]. Nanoparticle uptake by, e.g., internalization in the target cells, is still treated as the key factor in this and other earlier articles. Important properties and requirements in this respect were identified and can be summarized by the following four points ... 

J.S. Bcisuki, H.T. Duong, A. MacmiUcin, R.B. Erlich, L. Esser, M.C. Akerfeldt, R.M. Whan, M. Kavallaris, C. Boyer, and T.P. Davis, Using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy to monitor theranostic nanoparticle uptake and intracellular doxorubicin release, ACS Nano, 7,10175-89,2013. 

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