Nanoparticles hydroxyapatite

Wang, L., Li, C.Z., and Senna, M. "High-affinity integration of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with chemically modified silk fibroin".. Nanoparticle Res. 9(5), 919-929 (2007). 

Kuche Loghmani, S., Farrokhi-Rad, M., and Shahrabi, T. (2013) Effect of polyethylene glycol on the electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in isopropanol. Ceram. Int., 36 (6), 7043-7051. 

Mondragon-Cortez, P. and Vargas-Gutierrez, G. (2003) Selective deposition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles by electrophoretic deposition. Adv. Eng. Mater., 5 (11), 812-815. 

S. (2008) Influence of calcium precursors on the morphology and crystallinity of sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. /. Cryst. Growth, 310 (21), 4601-4611. 

Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from murine bone marrow were applied in a study designed to evaluate the molecular toxicity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Remya et al., 2014). Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (50 nm) were used to study the cytotoxicity, nanoparticle uptake, effect on cytoskeletal arrangement, oxidative stress response and apoptotic behaviour with the confluent cells as per standard protocols. The results of the MTT assay indicated that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles do not induce cytotoxicity up to 800 pg ml-1. It was also observed that apoptosis related to oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production following nanoparticle treatment was comparable to that of the control (cells without treatment). Hence, it can be concluded that mesenchymal stem cell in vitro cultures can be used as a model to evaluate the potential toxicity of nanomaterials. 

Remya, N.S., Syama, S., Gayathri, V., Varma, H.K., and Mohanan, P.V. (2014) An in vitro study on the interaction of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for assessing the toxicological behaviour. Colloids Surf, B, 117, 389-397. 

XPS is used to analyze the elemental composition of polymer surfaces. In this technique, the sample is irradiated with a high-energy monochromatic X-ray and the core level electrons ejected from the sample (called photoelectrons) are detected. The energy of the photoelectrons ejected from the sample depends on the elements present on the sample surface. PGA scaffolds are used in bone tissue engineering, and in order to improve the osteoconduction of the PGA scaffold, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are coated on the polymer. XPS is a reliable method to verify the deposition of HA nanoparticles on PGA surface [37]. AES is more surface-sensitive than XPS. In this technique, a beam... 

H.S. Yang, J. Park, W.G. La, H. Jang, M. Lee, B.S. Kim, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-assisted hydroxyapatite nanoparticle coating on polymer scaffolds for efficient osteoconduction. Tissue Eng. Part C Mefliods 18 (2012) 245-251. 

Vines, J.B., Lim, D.J., Anderson, J.M., Jun, H.W. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle reinforced peptide amphiphile nanomatrix enhances the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by compositional ratios. Acta Biomater. 8, 4053-4063 (2012)... 

Scanning electron micrograph of a [Chi(HAP)/PAA]2 bilayer film with the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, which are interwoven in the multilayer architecture and complexed to chitosan (g) IR absorbance spectra of the different components of the osteoconductive layer (i) chitosan, (ii) hydroxyapatite, (iii) poly(acrylic acid), (iv) [Chitosan/HAP]j, (v) [Chitosan/ PAA]j , and (vi) [Chi(HAP)/PAA] . 

Cengiz B, Gokce Y, Yildiz N, Aktas Z, Cahmli A. Synthesis and characterisation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Aspects 2008 322 29-33. 

These fibers were converted into hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with a size smaller than 100 nm by a calcination treatment at 600 C. The dispersion of the finally calcined hydroxyapatite nanoparticles was improved significantly when an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate was used (27). 

Nanocomposites based on polyhydroxybutyrate and hydroxyapatite have been proposed for application in bone repair and regeneration. The hydroxyapatite nanoparticles acted as nncleating agent during PHB crystallization. ... 

Shen K, Hu Q, Chen L, Shen J (2010) Preparation of chitosan bicomponent nanofibers filled with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles via electrospinning. J Appl Polym Sci 115 2683-2690... 

Stanishevsky A, Chowdhury S, Oiinoda P, Thomas V (2008) Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle loaded collagen fiber composites microarchitecture and nanoindentation study. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 86A 873-882... 

Ba Linh NT, Min YK, Lee BT (2013) Hybrid hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-loaded PCL/GE blend fibers for bone tissue engineering. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 24 520-538... 

PAH/P04 -PAH/PSS capsules were employed for the biomimetic synthesis of calcium hydroxyapatite, CaiQ(P04)g(0H)2, inside polyelectrolyte capsules [53]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis established preferable formation of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the iimer side of the PAH/PSS shell, and this resulted in empty hydroxyapatite spheres. The thickness of the CajQ(P04)g(0H)2 layer is 100-120 nm, and is composed of 12- to 16-nm particles. The hydroxyapatite particles formed have shape and surface morphology which is different from the particles synthesized by common methods in solution. Other special properties of hydroxyapatite composite hollow shells, including surface acidity, catalytic and biological activity, as well as bone-repairing effects, can also be expected. 

Sheikh FA, et al. A simple approach for syntheis, characterization and bioactivity of bovine bones to fabricate the polyurethane nanofiber containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle. Express Polym Lett 2012 6(l) 41-53. 

Hybrid material formed by embedded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a coUagen gel [71] Paclitaxel Hybrid gel with nanoparticles loaded Bone tissue engineering to treat metastatic cancer cells... 

HAP (hydroxyapatite) nanoparticle modified nanofiber mat used as scaffold for bone growth ... 

S.-W. Choi, Y. Zhang, S. Thomopoulos, Y. Xia. In vitro mineralization by preosteoblasts in poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) inverse opal scaffolds reinforced with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Langmuir 26(14), 12126-12131,2010. 

One way to introduce polyphosphazenes into the world of TE is the combination with other materials, in other words, to form blends. For bone TE, the combination of polyphosphazenes with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) is an example, leading to, e.g., cylindrical- or... 

However, electrospinning of a mixture of silk fibroin and inorganic ceramics, such as hydroxyapatite, is still a challenging task. The mechanical properties of electrospun silk fibroin scaffolds can be enhanced by uniformly dispersing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles within silk fibroin nanofibers. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were modified by y-glycidox q3ropyltrimethoxysilane for uniform dispersion and enhanced interfacial bonding between hydroxyapatite and silk fibroin fibers. 

Optimal conditions for electrospinning of silk fibroin and y-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to achieve beadless nanofibers without any aggregation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles could be identified. 

The mechanical moduli and dependency on the content of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles could be analyzed using three point bending with a tipless atomic force microscopy cantilever (12). An increase of the hydroxyapatite content up to 20% increased the mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds. But a further increase above 20% disrupted the polymer chain networks within silk fibroin nanofibers and weakened the mechanical strength (10). 

Nayar S, Sinha MK, Basu D et al (2(X)6) Synthesis and sintering of biomimetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for biomedical applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 17 1063-1068... 

Kalfus J and Jancar J (2007) Immobilization of polyvinylacetate inacromolecules on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, Polymer 48 3935-3938. 

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