Nanoparticles systems

Ti02 particles, the benzene-thermal reaction of TiCLi. and NaN3, chemical vapor reactions, plasma syntheses, or arc-melting [15-20], The optical properties of low-concentrated TiN nanoparticle systems were studied by Quinten [21], Highly dispersed TiN was used as an additive to improve the mechanical properties of titanium carbide-based cermets [22],... 

Curii ML, Agostiano A, Leo G, Mallardi A, Cosma P, Monica MD (2002) Development of a novel enzyme/semiconductor nanoparticles system for biosensor apphcation. Mater Sci Eng C 22 449-452... 

In this chapter, we have provided an overview of near-field imaging and spectroscopy of noble metal nanoparticles and assemblies. We have shown that plasmon-mode wavefunctions and enhanced optical fields of nanoparticle systems can be visualized. The basic knowledge about localized electric fields induced by the plasmons may lead to new innovative research areas beyond the conventional scope of materials. 

The rapid development of nanotechnology has revolutionized scientific developments in recent decades [1]. The synthesis, characterization, and application of functionalized nanoparticles are currently a very active field of research [2], Due to the size limitation of metal nanoparticles, they show very unique properties, which are called nano-size effect or quantum-size effect , which is different from those of both bulk metals and metal atoms. Such specific properties are usually dominated by the atoms located on the surface. In nanoparticles systems, the number of atoms located on the surface of the particles increases tremendously with decreasing of the particle diameter [3]. 

Table 9.16 Comparison of stabilized nanoparticle systems modified with cincho-nidine for the hydrogenation of various a-ketoesters and a-diketones.

Specific, surface confined reactions not only directly involve catalysis but also the built-up of sdf-assembled multilayers (see Fig. 9.1 (3)) with co-functionalities for more complex (bio-) catalytic systems such as proteins or the directed deposition of active metals. Furthermore, SAM on flat substrates can be used for the study and development of e.g. catalytic systems, but are not useful for large scale applications because they have very limited specific surface. Here, nanoparticle systems covered with 3D-SAMs are the ideal solution of combining the advantages of high surface area, defined surface composition and accessibility of proximal active catalytic centers. 

SUPERPARAMAGNETISM AND SPIN GLASS DYNAMICS OF INTERACTING MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE SYSTEMS... 

III. Strongly Interacting Nanoparticle Systems-A. Spin Glasses... 

Because of the long-range and reduced symmetry of the dipole-dipole interaction, analytical methods such as the thermodynamic perturbation theory presented in Section II.B.l. will be applicable only for weak interaction. Numerical simulation techniques are therefore indispensable for the study of interacting nanoparticle systems, beyond the weak coupling regime. 

III. STRONGLY INTERACTING NANOPARTICLE SYSTEMS— SPIN-GLASS-LIKE BEHAVIOR... 

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