Mushrooms Basidiomycete

Helbling A, Gayer F, Pichler WJ, Brander KA Mushroom (Basidiomycete) Allergy Diagnosis established by skin test and nasal challenge. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998 102 853-858. 

Contents B. FRASER-REID and R. C. ANDERSON, Carbohydrate Derivatives in the Asymmetric Synthesis of Natural Products — H. JONES and G. H. RASMUSSON, Recent Advances in the Biology and Chemistry of Vitamin D — S. LIAAEN-JENSEN, Stereochemistry of Naturally Occurring Carotenoids — T. KASAI and P. O. LARSEN, Chemistry and Biochemistry of y -Glutamyl Derivatives from Plants Including Mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) - Author Index - Subject Index. 

Chemistry and Biochemistry of y-Glutamyl Derivatives from Plants Including Mushrooms (Basidiomycetes)... 

Kasai, T., Larsen, P. O. Chemistry and biochemistry of y-glutamyl derivatives from plants including mushrooms (Basidiomycetes). Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Prod. 39, 173-285 (1980) Leete, E. Alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine and nicotinic acid. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol. 8, Secondary Plant Products (E. A. Bell, B. V. Charlwood, eds.), pp. 65-91. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1980 Smith, T. A. Amines. In The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol. 7, Secondary Plant Products (E. E. 

Unlike thiamine, which remains in the yeast cells during fermentation, a significant amount of riboflavin is present in beer (approximately 0.5 mg/1). Brewer s and baker s yeast is, therefore, a rich source of riboflavin. Derivatives of riboflavin with the C-5 hydroxyl group of ribitol oxidised to a carbonyl group (called riboflavinal) or a carboxyl group (riboflavinic acid) are present in some edible mushrooms (Basidiomycetes). 

Lenthionine has the characteristic shiitake flavor. It is formed from the precursor, lentinic acid 14 by complex reactions involving a C-S lyase enzyme.30 Cyclic polysulfides occur in other Basidiomycete mushrooms (Genus Micromp-hale and Colly bid), in some red alga, and in seeds of Parkia speciosa. The latter contain lenthionine and 1,2,4-trithiolane (1,2,4-trithiacyclopentane) 17 as well as compounds with 4, 5, or 6 sulfur atoms.31 These seeds are valued in Indonesia for a unique, onion-like odor. Djenkolic acid and dichrostachinic acid S -[(2-carboxy-2-hydroxyethylsulfonyl)-methyl]cysteine are converted by a C-S lyase enzyme to cyclic polysulfides djenkolic acid yields 1,2,4-trithiolane and 1,2,4,6-tetrathiepane the latter is also formed from dichrostachinic acid.32... 

Ng, T. B. 1998. A review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, PSP) from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor (Basidiomycetes Poly-poraceae). Gen. Pharmacol. 30 1-4. 

Mushrooms that contain psilocybin are of the genus Psilocybe and belong to the Basidiomycetes class. Over 90 Psilocybe species are psychoactive, and they grow naturally around the world. Psilocybin (phosphorylated 4-hydroxydimethyltryptamine) usually accounts for 0.03 to 1.3% of the total weight of the mushroom, though potency can vary greatly. 

Besides respiratory allergies with hay-fever-like symptoms and asthma in atopic individuals, continuous occupational basidiospore exposure may result in hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis. The basidiomycetes Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Merulius lacrymans have all been shown to cause hypersensitivity pneumonitis from occupational exposure [26-28]. Actinomycetes in the compost used to grow button mushroom... 

Although exposure of most people to Psilocybe spp. is undoubtedly minimal, skin test reactivity to P cubensis spore extracts is the most significant of all basidiomycetes tested in Europe and the USA [20, 21]. This reactivity probably results from exposure to related species. P cubensis occurs naturally on the northeastern coast of South America, the Caribbean and the southeastern coast of North America. Although related species occur throughout the temperate northern hemisphere, the distribution of these mushrooms is probably less important clinically than the cross-reactivity patterns of its allergens. Several species in genera closely related to Psilocybe are common lawn... 

Only three well-documented studies have addressed cross-reactivity among or involving basidiomycetes [46,58,61]. These studies all used allergen extracts to inhibit IgE-specific immunochemical assays. RAST inhibition was first used to detect the cross-reactivity of various basidiospore allergen extracts [61]. The second study included spores from six different mushrooms, and the results were concordant with the taxonomic classification of basidiomycetes. Four species from related orders (C. quadrifidus, C. cyathiformis, P. ostreatus, P cubensis) were significantly cross-reactive species from two unrelated orders Ganoderma meredithae, Pleurotus tinctorinus) showed only minimal cross-reactivity with one another or the other four species [58]. 

Catalano P, Lawson W, Bottone E, Lebenger J Basidiomycetous (mushroom) infection of the maxillary sinus. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990 102 183-185. 

Basidiomycetes are fungi that include mushrooms, puffballs, and bracket fungi. 

Order 5.— Agaricales, the mushroom or toadstool alliance. Alike with the other members of the Basidiomycetes, the plant body consists of the mycelium, ramifying through the substratum, but the part which rises above the surface (the Sporophore) is in most cases differentiated into a stalk-like body called a stipe bearing upon its summit a cap or pileus, the latter having special surfaces for the hymenium. 

The total synthesis of (+)-furoscrobiculin B, a lactarane sesquiterpene isolated from basidiomycetes of mushrooms, was accomplished in the laboratory of H. Suemune and K. Kanematsu using a furan ring transfer reaction and a semipinacol rearrangement as key steps. The secondary hydroxyl group of the tricyclic c/s-vicinal diol substrate was converted to the corresponding tosylate that in situ underwent a ring-expansion reaction to afford an azulenofuran in good yield. 

Bennett L, Sheean P, Zabaras D, Head R (2013) Heat-stable components of wood ear mushroom, Auricularia polytricha (higher Basidiomycetes), inhibit in vitro activity of beta secretase (BACE1). Int J Med Mushrooms 15 233-249... 

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