Multiple breakdown

This scenario is based on a true story that demonstrates the multiple breakdowns that can occur during the medication use process that led to the death of an infant. An infant was born to a mother with a prior history of syphilis. Despite having incomplete patient information about the mothers past treatment for syphilis and the current status of both the mother and the child, a decision was made to treat the infant for congenital syphilis. After phone consultation with infectious disease specialists and the health department, an order was written for one dose of benzathine penicillin G 150,000 units IM. ... 

Trials are carried out and described, which proves the method of elastic-deformation dispersion as a technique in making possible the effective processing of waste from various PVC materials to obtain fine-particle recycled product with wide possibilities of practical use. The elastic-deformation dispersion method, is based on the idea of multiple breakdown, when the material is subjected to the combined action of high pressure and shear deformation at elevated temperatures. Elastic-deformation dispersion of roughly ground materials with particle diameter of 1-3 cms. was carried out in a single-... 

The development of cancer requires multiple breakdowns in normal metabolism. 

For dc input voltages that are more than 100 VDC, a layer of Mylar tape should be placed between primary and the secondary(ies) and between any multiple secondaries. One should not completely trust the insulation breakdown voltage rating of the magnet wire since it could nick during the winding process. 

Contextual design is a flexible software design approach that collects multiple customer-centered techniques into an integrated design process [7]. The approach is centered around contextual inquiry sessions in which detailed information is gathered about the way individual people work and use systems and the associated information flow. The data from each contextual inquiry session are used to create sequence models that map the exact workflow in a session along with any information breakdowns, flow models that detail the flow of information between parties and systems (much akin to but less formal... 

Ikonopisov284 has conducted a systematic study of breakdown mechanisms in growing anodic oxides. He has enumerated factors significantly affecting the breakdown (nature of the anodized metal, electrolyte composition and resistivity) as well as those of less importance (current density, surface topography, temperature, etc.). By assuming a mechanism of avalanche multiplication of electrons injected into the oxide by the Schottky mechanism, Ikonopisov has correctly predicted the dependence of Ub on electrolyte resistivity and other breakdown features. 

One approach to the production of high-performance dielectrics relies on the use of mixed-metal, multiple-component oxides. These oxides provide convenient means for controlling the dielectric-constant breakdown-field product through incorporation of components that specifically contribute to performance via dielectric constant or breakdown. At the same time, the mixed materials can inhibit crystallization, resulting in deposition of amorphous films with extremely flat surfaces. Common candidates, base oxides for tuning these properties, are listed in Table 4.1. 

Vukjovic et al.199 recently proposed a simple, fast, sensitive, and low-cost procedure based on solid phase spectrophotometric (SPS) and multicomponent analysis by multiple linear regression (MA) to determine traces of heavy metals in pharmaceuticals. Other spectroscopic techniques employed for high-throughput pharmaceutical analysis include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS),200 201 fluorescence spectroscopy,202 204 diffusive reflectance spectroscopy,205 laser-based nephelometry,206 automated polarized light microscopy,207 and laser diffraction and image analysis.208... 

The production of both anabolic sex hormones and growth hormone decreases in aging and the result is muscle loss. Also the loss of neural motor cells gives rise to atrophy of the muscles. In the aging process an increased inflammatory activity can be seen and it causes degeneration of muscle tissue through insuline resistance and activation of protein breakdown enzymes. The increased inflammatory activity is due to both normal aging as well as the presence of multiple chronic diseases (Dutta 1997. 

The analysis of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solutions manufactured by SACHEM Inc. of Cleburne, Texas, includes the determination of trace elements. These elements cause less-than-optimum performance of integrated circuit boards manufactured by SACHEM s customers that use these solutions in their processes. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (e.g., Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Ba) can reduce the oxide breakdown voltage of the devices. In addition, transition and heavy metal elements (e.g., Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Au, and Pb) can produce higher dark current. Doping elements (e.g., B, Al, Si, P, As, and Sn) can alter the operating characteristics of the devices. In SACHEM s quality control laboratory, ICP coupled to mass spectrometry is used to simultaneously analyze multiple trace elements in one sample in just 1 to 4 min. This ICP-MS instrument is a state-of-the-art instrument that can provide high throughput and low detection Emits at the parts per thousand level. Trace elemental determination at the parts per thousand level must be performed in a clean room so that trace elemental contamination from airborne particles can be minimized. 

The formation of pores during anodization of an initially flat silicon electrode in HF affects the I-V characteristics. While this effect is small for p-type and highly doped n-type samples, it becomes dramatic for moderate and low doped n-type substrates anodized in the dark. In the latter case a reproducible I-V curve in the common sense does not exist. If, for example, a constant potential is applied to the electrode the current density usually increases monotonically with anodization time (Thl, Th2]. Therefore the I-V characteristic, as shown in Fig. 8.9, is sensitive to scan speed. The reverse is true for application of a certain current density. In this case the potential jumps to values close to the breakdown bias for the flat electrode and decreases to much lower values for prolonged anodization. These transient effects are caused by formation of pores in the initially flat surface. The lowering of the breakdown bias at the pore tips leads to local breakdown either by tunneling or by avalanche multiplication. The prior case will be discussed in this section while the next section focuses on the latter. 

Although sequential B-oxidation from the carboxyl end of fatty acids was believed to be the mechanism for their breakdown, other schemes had been proposed, notably by Hurtley in 1915, who suggested multiple alternate oxidation—this idea was not widely accepted because the probable intermediates, polyketonic or polyunsaturated fatty acids, had never been detected. The abnormally high levels of acetoacetate produced by various liver preparations, however, caused multiple... 

He, X., Fung, W. K. J. Multivariate Anal. 72, 2000, 151-162. High breakdown estimation for multiple populations with applications to discriminant analysis. 

I. A. Proposed role of ATP in protein breakdown conjugation of proteins with multiple chains of the polypeptide of ATP-dependent proteolysis. 

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