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Modified thermoplastic starch polymers

In summary this section has demonstrated that thermoplastic starch polymers and their blends provide an exciting foimdation for developing low-cost biodegradable polymers. The next section will examine an extension of this research into modified thermoplastic starch polymers. [Pg.153]

In terms of nanocomposite reinforcement of thermoplastic starch polymers there has been much exciting new developments. Dufresne and Cavaille (1998) and Angles and Dufiresne (2000) highUght work on the use of microcrystalline whiskers of starch and cellulose as reinforcement in thermoplastic starch polymer and synthetic polymer nanocomposites. They find excellent enhancement of properties, probably due to transcrystalUsation processes at the matrix/fibre interface. McGlashan and Halley (2003) examines the use of nanoscale montmorillonite into thermoplastic starch/polyester blends and finds excellent improvements in film blowability and tensile properties (Table 6.3). [Pg.154]

Sample Tensile strength (MPa) Young s Modulus (MPa) Strain at break (%) [Pg.155]

Thermoplastic starch/ polyester/nanocomposite film (low level nanoclay) 18 58 1500+ [Pg.155]

Modified processing techniques have been useful for thermoplastic starch polymers. Recent work [45, 46] has examined the use of coextruded sheet processing to produce polyester / thermoplastic wheat starch / polyester multilayer films. They found that adhesion strength between the layers and stability of the interface were crucial properties in controlling the final performance properties of the films. Work by Sousa [47] has examined use of the novel shear controlled orientation injection molding (SCORIM) process to control morpholoiges and provide tensile property increases of thermoplastic starch/synthetic blends. [Pg.291]

Some commercial thermoplastic starch polymer based products were highlighted in Table 6.1, and some of them can be examined in more detail in this section. Probably one of the first starch based products developed was the National Starch expanded starch foam packaging material ECO-FOAM . ECO-FOAM materials are derived from maize or tapioca starch and include modified starches. This relatively short-term, protected-environment packaging use is ideal for thermoplastic starch polymers. National starch now has additional thermoplastic starch materials, blends and speciality hydrophobic thermoplastic starches for a range of apphcations including injection moulded toys, extruded sheet and blown film apphcations. [http //www.eco-foam.com/ loosefill.asp]. [Pg.155]

In nature, starch is based on crystalline beads of about 15-100 microns in diameter. Crystalline starch beads in plastics can be used as fillers or can be transformed into thermoplastic starch, which can either be processed alone or in combination with specific synthetic polymers. To make starch thermoplastic, its crystalline structure has to be destroyed by pressure, heat, mechanical work or use of plasticisers. Three main families of starch polymer can be used pure starch, modified starch and fermented starch polymers. [Pg.16]

If starch is modified by partially fermenting it, or esterifying or etherification, the resulting material can be extruded by adding plasticizers. Starch-based plastics are readily biodegraded. In most cases, the polymers are also water-soluble. Several suppliers now offer thermoplastic starch. Major markets include soluble films for industrial packaging, films for bags and sacks, and loose fill. [Pg.145]

The characteristics of the developed material demonstrate that pure potato starch can be used for the production of foams without the need of modified starches or blends with other additives or polymers. This will make new applications for thermoplastic starch based foams possible. [Pg.18]

A.W.M. Kahar, H. Ismail, N. Othman, Morphology and tensile properties of high-density polyethylene/natural rubber/thermoplastic tapioca starch blends The effect of citric acid-modified tapioca starch. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 125, 768-775 (2012)... [Pg.153]

There have been a number of studies dedicated to organically modified layered silicate reinforced completely biodegradable nanocomposites to target highly exfoliated structures. Renewable resources-based biodegradable polymers utilized so far for the preparation of nanocomposites are poly(lactic acid) (PLA) [40-68,11-15], poly(3-hydroxy butyrate) (PHB) [69,16-20] thermoplastic starch [71-77,21-25], plant oils [78-81,26-30], cellulose [82,83,30,31], etc. The following section deals with the transformation of the properties of renewable sources-based biodegradable polymers as their layered silicate nanocomposites. [Pg.407]

Ma X, Chang PR, Yu J, Stumboig M et al (2009) Properties of biodegradable citric acid-modified granular starch/thermoplastic pea starch composites. Carbohydr Polym 75 1-8... [Pg.40]

C5 ras VP, Manfredi LB, Ton-That M-T, Vazquez A (2008) Physical and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite nanocomposite films. Carbohydr Polym 73 55-63 de Morals Teixeira E, Correa A, Manzoli A, de Lima Leite F, de Oliveira C, Mattoso L (2010) Cellulose nanofibers from white and naturally colored cotton fibers. Cellulose 17 595-606 de Moura MR, Aouada FA, Avena-Bustillos RJ, McHugh TH, Krochta JM, Mattoso LHC (2009) Improved barrier and mechanical properties of novel hydrox5q)ropyl methylcellulose edible films with chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles. J Food Eng 92 448—453 Dean K, Yu L, Wu DY (2007) Preparation and characterization of melt-extruded thermoplastic starch/clay nanocomposites. Compos Sci Technol 67 413 21 Duanmu J, Gamstedt EK, Rosling A (2007) Hygromechanical properties of composites of crosslinked allylglycidyl-ether modified starch reinforced by wood fibres. Compos Sci Technol 67 3090-3097... [Pg.359]

The properties of PLA can be modified by polymer blending techniques. PLA has been blended with several synthetic and biopolymers in order to enhance its properties and to obtain novel materials. PLA has been blended with rubbers, thermoplastic starch (TPS), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylenes succinate adipate) (PBSA), poly(butylene... [Pg.233]

The combination of starch with a water soluble polymer such as PVOH and/or polyalkylene glycols has been widely considered since 1970 [157]. Recently, the system, thermoplastic starch/PVOH has been studied mainly for producing starch-based loose fillers as a substitute for expanded PS [158-164], As an example, Lacourse and Altieri developed a technology based on hydroxy propylated high amylose starch containing small amounts of PVOH for improving foam resiliency and density [158-162]. In this case loose fill was produced directly by a twin-screw extruder. Recently more advanced processes and alloys have been developed which have resulted in foams with lower foam densities (8-6 kg/m ) and better performance [165-167]. Other applications of modified starch/PVOH can be in the sector of sheet extrusion/thermoforming. [Pg.270]

See other pages where Modified thermoplastic starch polymers is mentioned: [Pg.292]    [Pg.293]    [Pg.153]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.293]    [Pg.153]    [Pg.289]    [Pg.290]    [Pg.207]    [Pg.156]    [Pg.426]    [Pg.491]    [Pg.291]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.253]    [Pg.209]    [Pg.568]    [Pg.118]    [Pg.1871]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.19]    [Pg.198]    [Pg.436]    [Pg.149]    [Pg.227]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.68]    [Pg.12]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.119]    [Pg.449]    [Pg.491]    [Pg.491]    [Pg.260]    [Pg.20]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.334]    [Pg.13]   


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