Tactical models

This example illustrates that when the resources and personalities of both sides remain fixed in a conflict, how well side X does over side Y does not necessarily scale monotonically with X s sensor capability. As one side is forced to assimilate more and more information (with increasing sensor range), there will inevitably come a point where the available resources will be spread too thin and the overall fighting ability will therefore be curtailed. Agent-based models such as EINSTein are well suited for providing insights into more operationally significant questions such as, How must X s resources and/or tactics (i.e., personality) be altered in order to ensure at least the same level of mission performance ... 

PVC plastisol proplnts are employed in sounding rockets, jets, aircraft, control motors, tactical weapons and ship models. However, they are not case-bondable (Ref 10)... 

Microstructure (see also Stereochemistry and Tacticity) 114,115.128.138,139 Miscibility (see also Compatibility) 12, 53, 68 Model networks 163 Modification of a polymer, chemical 154 Mold release 71, 74 Molecular weight, control 147. 154... 

A general methodology has been developed for the treatment of NMR data of polymer mixtures. The methodology is based on reaction probability models and computer optimization methods, resulting in a family of computer programs called MIXCO. The use of MIXCO programs enabled three components to be resolved from NMR tacticity data of fractionated polybutylene. 

An excellent way to treat such data is to use reaction probability models.(1,2) In the NMR analysis of tacticity, it is frequently possible to distinguish whether the configuration is chain-end controlled or catalytic-site controlled during polymerization. Various statistical models have been proposed. The chain-end controlled models include Bemoullian (B), and first- and second-order Markovian (Ml and M2) statistics.(1) The simplest catalytic-site controlled model is the enantiomorphic site (E) model.(3) The relationship between the chain-end and catalytic-site controlled models and possible hybrid models have been delineated in a recent article.(4)... 

As an example, polybutylene is a commercially inq ortant polymer made with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Such catalysts frequently produce more than one catalytic site, and the resulting polymer is a blend of several homopolymers differing only in propagation statistics. Previously, the two-site E/B model has been used to analyze the tacticity of this polymer.(11,12) Reasonably good fits with experimental data were observed. 

Mathematical Expressions for the Theoretical Intensities of Tacticity Pentads in the E/E/B Three-State Mixture Model ... 

In principle, these features can be built into models of receptor activation, although the large number of disposable parameters makes testing difficult. Some of the rate and equilibrium constants must be known beforehand. One experimental tactic is to alter the relative proportions of receptors and G-protein and then determine whether the efficacy of agonists changes in the way expected from the model. The discovery that some receptors are constitutively active has provided another new approach as well as additional information about receptor function, as we shall now see. 

The results for arylsilanes are not fully understood, but the spectra may reflect partial tacticity in these polymers. Further work is needed studies of model compounds with known relative configuration would be particularly helpful. Silicon-29 NMR of polysilane copolymers also shows great promise, especially for distinguishing block-like from fully random copolymers. 

Iso tactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (it-PMMA) can form a stereocomplex with st-PMMA. Recent X-ray studies 179) of this material indicate that the two polymer chains probably interact to form a double helical structure. The it-PMMA chain forms the inner helix and is surrounded by the st-PMMA helical chain which winds around it. If subsequent work confirms this model, this material would constitute a most unusual inclusion compound involving only one monomeric substance. 

We have designed PBUILD, a new CHEMLAB module, for easy construction of random copolymers. A library of monomers has been developed from which the chemists can select a particular sequence to generate a polymeric model. PBUILD takes care of all the atom numbering, three dimensional coordinates, and knows about stereochemistry (tacticity) as well as positional isomerism (head to tail versus head to head attachment). The result is a model of the selected polymer (or more likely a polymer fragment) in an all trans conformation, inserted into the CHEMLAB molecular workspace in literally a few minutes. 

Our conclusions are that a) theta conditions are not necessary to obtain experimental mK values unperturbed by excluded volume interactions, b) the RIS and BAA approximations are applicable and c) mK is a very sensitive to the details of the RIS model, the tacticity and the composition of a copolymer. 

Calculations on other polymers and copolymers (7) show that the NLDE is sensitive to chain length, tacticity, copolymerization, and the details of the RIS model. Thus the NLDE is potentially useful to characterize the dielectric properties, microstructures and conformations of polymers. 

The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine suggested that an economic-environmental-social model be devised and employed for the purposes of the country s sustainable development. This is a very complex and time-consuming approach that may not be usable at this time of industrial restructuring, privatization and other involved processes occurring in a collapsed national economy. An alternative tactics is put forward, which is applicable at both national and regional level. Instead of mathematical modeling and optimization, it uses systems approach and decision theory techniques. 

As the first Czechoslovak post-WW-II generation of means for personal decontamination at the lowest tactical level, i.e., at the individual first-aid level, we considered the two-solution system produced in Czechoslovakia according to the Soviet-originated model IPP-51. It was introduced under the acronym IPB-60 into the Czechoslovak Army, and under more simple modification in the first aid kit OZB into the Czechoslovak Civil Defence in the early 1960s. The same system was used for the secondary decontamination at the facilities of the medical evacuation chain (PCHB-60-P and PCHP-60-P). This system was based... 

An early biphenyl candidate, A-331440 (6) has been reported to be a competitive, potent inverse agonist with balanced activity at human and rat H3Rs with good oral bioavailability [40]. While A-331440 was active in obesity models, its development was precluded by genotoxicity issues [41], The latter was eliminated by a tactical orf/zo-substitution on the phenoxy central core by fluorine to provide A-417022 (7). A-417022 and the 3,5-difluoro analog (A-423579) also produced prolonged weight loss over a 28-day period in a rat diet-induced obesity model [17,41],... 

Global material flow and transport planning is also an integral part of global models not on a tactical level but addressing requirements of lead time gaps... 

Global models since being more strategic oriented less addressing chemical supply chain specifics required for tactical production planning such as change-overs or recipes... 

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