Civil defence

Calls to help the wider community were frequent and, always, he seemed able to find time to assist. For 15 years, he was chief scientific advisor for civil defence in the Midland Region of the United Kingdom. As a member of the... 

As the first Czechoslovak post-WW-II generation of means for personal decontamination at the lowest tactical level, i.e., at the individual first-aid level, we considered the two-solution system produced in Czechoslovakia according to the Soviet-originated model IPP-51. It was introduced under the acronym IPB-60 into the Czechoslovak Army, and under more simple modification in the first aid kit OZB into the Czechoslovak Civil Defence in the early 1960s. The same system was used for the secondary decontamination at the facilities of the medical evacuation chain (PCHB-60-P and PCHP-60-P). This system was based... 

Terence H. O Brien, Civil Defence (London HMSO, 1955). 

The realization that it was more economical to have a single respirator design for all three services led to the introduction of the General Service (GS) respirator, familiar to all those who served in the Second World War. Over 25 million of these respirators were made in the UK alone, and issued to all Commonwealth forces and Civil Defence Corps. The GS respirator consisted of a rubber facepiece with stockinette covering, flat circular eyepieces, a diver-type outlet valve, an elastic webbing harness and a filter canister fitted with an inlet valve. The canister, worn on the body and attached to the facepiece by a hose, was filled with activated charcoal granules, with a wool-asbestos mixture added later, and impregnated charcoal added even later. 

Chislehurst Caves, 8-9 Christmas party, (Corsham workers families), 128-129 Churchill, Winston, 16,148 Civil Defence Corps, disbandment, 249... 

Civil Defence, post-war, 244 Civil Defence, reorganization, 254 Civil Service Commission... 

The perceived threat was Russian possession of the atomic bomb and the response seems to have been to prepare a revitalized Black Move , The atomic bomb was at first seen as little more than a more powerful conventional weapon, but a weapon which could render whole cities untenable hence the urgent need for an alternative seat of government outside London. Atomic war was, however, considered survivable and was expeacd to be a prolonged affair similar to the Second World War, requiring similar systems of civil defence and civil administration. 

The advent of the nuclear bomb marked a quantum leap in destructive power, threatening cataclysmic material ruin and human misery on a scale that would destroy the entire fabric and structure of civilization. Civil defence in nuclear war, as in the Second World War, was to be a Home Office rather than a military responsibility. Great Britain would be divided into twelve regions, each administered from the safety of a blast- and radiation-proof underground headquarters by a Regional Commissioner, (at first a senior civil servant, but in more developed... 

Phosgene would be dropped on the scale of 16 tons per square mile either against 1,000 tactical targets, or against twenty German cities. The result would be heavy casualties amounting to 5—10 per cent deaths of civilians and civil defence personnel . Mustard gas would be used to attack 1,500 tactical targets, or alternatively sixty cities. 

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