Microbes Classification

One useful microbe classification consists in describing microorganisms according to their oxygen tolerance [10]  

All microorganisms are not equally aggressive to metals. What is important, from a corrosion standpoint, is the number of microorganisms of the specifically corrosive types. Microorganisms associated with corrosion damage are classified as 

Bacteria are generally small, with lengths typically under 10 pm. Collectively, they tend to live and grow under wide ranges of temperature, pH, and oxygen concentration. Carbon molecules represent an important nutrient source for bacteria. 

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria SRBs have been implicated in the corrosion of cast iron and steel, ferritic stainless steels, 300 series stainless steels and other highly alloyed stainless steels, copper nickel alloys, and high nickel molybdenum alloys. They are almost always present at corrosion sites because they are in soils, surface water streams and waterside deposits in general. The key s5unptom that usually indicates their involvement in the corrosion process of ferrous alloys is localized corrosion filled with black sulfide corrosion products. 

SRBs are anaerobes that are sustained by organic nutrients. Generally they require a complete absence of oxygen and a highly reduced environment to function efficiently. Nonetheless, they circulate (probably in a resting state) in aerated waters, including those treated with chlorine and other oxidizers, until they find an ideal environment supporting their metabolism and multiplication. 

---

In conclusion, the role of chemokines and their receptors continue to be investigated in asthmatic diseases. The role of specific chemokine receptor/ ligand systems will depend upon the nature of the inciting stimulus (i.e., non-infectious vs. infectious), as well as the intracellular (viral) versus extracellular (fungal) nature of microbes. Given the broad nature of the classification of asthmatic disease, a number of chemokine receptors as potential targets continue to be relevant. 

Extremophiles Microbes that can grow under very adverse environment conditions. Classifications include thermopiules (temperature > 40°C), acidoplfiles (pH < 2), alkalophiles (pH > 11), halophiles (salt > 20% w/v), baroptules (pressure > 100 atm), and psycroplfiles (temperature < 20°C). 

Temperature. Most microbe metabolisms and enzymatic processes function well only in the range of 10-60°C, but in particular cases the active spread of temperatures is only 5-10°C. A classification of microorganisms that is sometimes made is with respect to peak activities near 15°C or near 35°C or near 55°C. The maximum heat effects of metabolic processes can be estimated from heats of formation when the principal chemical participants are known, for instance ... 

SERS spectroscopy in combination with biochips to detect the antibody signal of microbes [101]. Premasiri et al. established the first SERS classification of single bacteria for six different species under defined cultivation conditions [102]. 

Family 29 of glycoside hydrolases classification (GH29) groups oc-L-fucosidases from plants, vertebrates, and pathogenic microbes of plants and humans [Henrissat 1991], The first archaeal a-L-fucosidase was identified in S. solfataricus (reviewed in Cobucci-Ponzano et al 2008). The analysis of the genome of S. solfataricus [She et al. 2001] revealed the presence of... 

Proteases are classified according to their catalytic mechanism. There are serine, cysteine, aspartic, and metalloproteases. This classification is determined through reactivity toward inhibitors that act on particular amino acid residues in the active site region of the enzyme. The serine proteases are widely distributed among microbes. The enzymes have a reactive serine residue in the active site and are generally inhibited by DFP or PMSF. They... 

Solubility In natural systems, microbes produce emulsifiers that render insoluble matter accessible for degradation. All of the systems currently available were developed for water-soluble materials and, although the use of artificial solvents or emulsifiers is permitted in the test guidelines, their use is restricted to 100 ppm in tests related to ecotoxicology and product classification, and neither is permitted in the MITI test. This approach is, in most cases, ineffective with oils since much higher concentrations are needed to achieve solubility, which renders the conditions of the test doubtful. 

Berdy, J. (1974) Recent developments of antibiotic research and classification of antibiotics according to chemical structure. Adv. Appl. Microb 18, 309-406. 

Dieckmann R, Helmuth R, Erhard M, Malomy B. Rapid classification and identification oiSal-monellae at the species and subspecies levels by whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Appl Environ Microb. 2008 74(24) 7767-78. 

---